Sleep disturbance and internalizing symptoms in adolescents: a moderated mediation model of self-control and mindfulness

Table 4 Results of the mediation analysis (anxiety symptoms as dependent variable)

Variables	Model 1 (anxiety symptoms)		Model 2 (self-control)		Model 3 (anxiety symptoms)
Variables	β	t	β	t	β	t
Age	0.064^**	3.298	−0.103^***	−4.813	0.035	1.861
Gender	0.128^***	6.527	−0.046^*	−2.143	0.115^***	6.157
Ethnicity	−0.037	−1.953	0.001	0.047	−0.037^*	−2.042
Single child status	−0.007	−0.346	−0.006	−0.257	−0.008	−0.450
Parental married status	0.003	0.160	0.012	0.518	0.007	0.341
Family incomes	0.002	0.114	−0.004	−0.209	0.001	0.051
Father’s educational level	0.011	0.511	0.007	0.294	0.014	0.636
Father’s job stability	−0.015	−0.773	−0.010	−0.449	−0.018	−0.964
Mother’s educational level	−0.031	−1.385	0.003	1.001	−0.024	−1.126
Mother’s job stability	0.003	0.181	0.001	0.012	0.004	0.195
Left-behind status	−0.045^*	−2.216	0.063^**	2.790	−0.027	−1.404
Immigrants’ second generation	0.024	1.234	−0.016	−0.734	0.019	1.056
Local resident	0.007	0.343	0.022	1.000	0.013	0.694
Degree of impact by COVID-19 on life	0.026	1.373	−0.023	−1.108	0.019	1.077
Family history of psychiatric illness	−0.040^*	−2.092	0.005	0.263	−0.038^*	−2.117
Self history of psychiatric illness	−0.041^*	−2.144	0.048^*	2.288	−0.027	−1.495
Chronic physical illness	−0.064^***	−3.393	0.031	1.521	−0.055^**	−3.068
Exercise	−0.009	−0.445	0.129^***	5.911	0.028	1.485
Smoking	0.036	1.833	−0.023	−1.082	0.029	1.570
Alcohol intake	0.124^***	6.264	−0.132^***	−6.072	0.086^***	4.534
Sleep disturbance	0.481^***	24.515	−0.316^***	−14.659	0.390^***	19.833
Self-control	-	-	-	-	−0.288^***	−14.333
R²	0.353		0.221		0.417
F	48.07		25.09		60.28

ISSN: 1471-244X