Internet-based interventions for eating disorders in adults: a systematic review

Dölemeyer, Ruth; Tietjen, Annemarie; Kersting, Anette; Wagner, Birgit

doi:10.1186/1471-244X-13-207

BMC Psychiatry

Table 4 Effect sizes and confidence intervals of primary and secondary outcomes

From: Internet-based interventions for eating disorders in adults: a systematic review

		Ljotsson et al. [16]	Johnston et al. [15]	Carrard et al. [12]	Sanchez-Ortiz et al. [19]	Fernandez-Aranda et al. [14]	Carrard et al. [13]	Ruwaard et al. [18]
Primary outcome
Binge episodes	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.98 (0.58-1.38)		1.05 (0.65-1.45)	0.75 (0.39-1.11)		0.90 (0.40-1.40)	1.05 (0.63-1.47)
Binge episodes	ES_between(CI 95%)	0.52 (0.04-1.00)		0.52 (0.06-0.98)	0.35 (-0.10-0.80)	0.49	0.20 (-0.41-0.81)	0.43 (-0.04-0.90)
Purging	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.41 (0.06-0.76)			0. 56 (0. 22- 0. 90)			0. 77 (0. 39- 1. 15)
Purging	ES_between(CI 95%)	1.63 (1.08-2.18)			0.27 (-0.18-0.72)			0.45 (-0.02-0.92)
Vomiting	ES_within(CI 95%)				0.46 (0.12-0.80)
Vomiting	ES_between(CI 95%)				0.29 (-0.16-0.74)	0. 78
Secondary Outcome
EDE-Q
Restraint	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.32 (-0.02-0.66)		0.47 (0.13-0.81)	1.26 (0.83-1.69)		0.23 (-0.19-0.65)
Restraint	ES_between(CI 95%)	0.26 (-0.21-0.73)		0.14 (-0.32-0.60)	0.79 (0.32-1.26)		0.24 (-0.37-0.85)
Eating concern	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.86 (0.47-1.25)			1.05 (0.65-1.45)		0.78 (0.30-1.26)
Eating concern	ES_between(CI 95%)	0.99 (0.49-1.49)			0.84 (0.37-1.31)		0.39 (-0.22-1.00)
Shape concern	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.51 (0.16-0.86)		0.89 (0.51-1.27)	1.02 (0.63-1.41)		1.02 (0.50-1.54)
Shape concern	ES_between(CI 95%)	0.92 (0.42-1.42)		0.28 (-0.18-0.74)	1.05 (0.57-1.53)		0.58 (-0.04-1.20)
Weight concern	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.78 (0.40-1.16)			0.73 (0.37-1.09)		1.11 (0.57-1.65)
Weight concern	ES_between(CI 95%)	1.10 (0.59-1.61)			0.79 (0.32-1.26)		0.18 (-0.43-0.79)
Total	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.71 (0.34-1.08)		1.18 (0.76-1.60)	1.21 (0.79-1.63)		0.79 (0.31-1.27)	1. 18 (0. 75- 1. 61)
Total	ES_between(CI 95%)	0. 96 (0. 46- 1. 46)		0.45 (-0.01-0.91)	1. 09 (0. 61- 1. 57)		0.32 (-0.29-0.93)	0.50 (0.02-0.98)
EDI (-2)
Drive for thinness	ES_within(CI 95%)	0. 55 (0. 19- 0. 91)		0. 62 (0. 27- 0. 97)
Drive for thinness	ES_between(CI 95%)	0. 99 (0. 49- 1. 49)		0. 48 (0. 02- 0. 94)		0.25
Body dissatisfaction	ES_within(CI 95%)	0. 39 (0. 05- 0. 73)		0. 60 (0. 25- 0. 95)
Body dissatisfaction	ES_between(CI 95%)	0. 76 (0. 27- 1. 25)		0.05 (-0.41-0.51)		0.16
Interoceptive awareness	ES_within(CI 95%)	0. 70 (0. 33- 1. 07)		0. 53 (0. 18- 0. 88)
Interoceptive awareness	ES_between(CI 95%)	0. 88 (0. 39- 1. 37)		0. 46 (0. 00- 0. 92)		0.03
Bulimia	ES_within(CI 95%)	0. 79 (0. 41- 1. 17)		1. 56 (1. 08- 2. 04)
Bulimia	ES_between(CI 95%)	0. 94 (0. 44- 1. 44)		1. 08 (0. 59- 1. 57)		0.54
Interpersonal distrust	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.02 (-0.31-0.35)		0.21 (-0.12-0.54)
Interpersonal distrust	ES_between(CI 95%)	0.00 (-0.47-0.47)		0.17 (-0.29-0.63)		0.32
Ineffectiveness	ES_within(CI 95%)	0. 47 (0. 12- 0. 82)		0. 36 (0. 03- 0. 69)
Ineffectiveness	ES_between(CI 95%)	0. 57 (0. 09- 1. 05)		0.33 (-0.13-0.79)		0.05
Maturity fears	ES_within(CI 95%)			0.23 (-0.10-0.56)
Maturity fears	ES_between(CI 95%)			0.15 (-0.31-0.61)		0. 63
Perfectionism	ES_within(CI 95%)	0.21 (-0.13-0.55)		0.12 (-0.20-0.44)
Perfectionism	ES_between(CI 95%)	0.22 (-0.25-0.69)		0.19 (-0.27-0.65)		0.13
Impulse regulation	ES_within(CI 95%)			0. 51 (0. 17- 0. 85)
Impulse regulation	ES_between(CI 95%)			0.31 (-0.15-0.77)
Social insecurity	ES_within(CI 95%)			0. 64 (0. 29- 0. 99)
Social insecurity	ES_between(CI 95%)			0.27 (-0.19-0.73)
Total	ES_between(CI 95%)					0.37
BITE
Severity	ES_within(CI 95%)		0.14 (-0.14-0.42)
Severity	ES_between(CI 95%)		0.28 (-0.13-0.69)
Symptom	ES_within(CI 95%)		0.10 (-0.18-0.38)
Symptom	ES_between(CI 95%)		0.03 (-0.37-0.43)
Total	ES_within(CI 95%)		0.14 (-0.14-0.42)
Total	ES_between(CI 95%)		0.13 (-0.28-0.54)			1. 03

ES Effect Sizes calculated according to Hedges [40], CI Confidence intervals were calculated using formulas according to Hedges and Olkin [40]. Boldface data show CIs not covering zero.
EDE-Q Eating Disorder Questionnaire, EDI-2 Eating Disorder Inventory - 2, BITE Bulimia Investigatory Test Edinburgh.

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