Table 2 Univariate comparison of variables among depressed and non-depressed subjects
From: Depression in the elderly: Does family system play a role? A cross-sectional study
VARIABLES | DEPRESSED n (%) | UNADJUSTED OR* (95% CI**) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Yes | No | Â |
Age (p = 0.270) | Â | Â | Â |
65–74 years | 72 (92.3) | 275 (85.4) | 1 |
75–84 years | 5 (6.4) | 38 (11.8) | 2.4 (0.3–18.9) |
85+ years | 1 (1.3) | 9 (2.8) | 1.2 (0.1–11.4) |
Gender (p < 0.001) | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 49 (62.8) | 263 (81.7) | 1 |
Female | 29 (37.2) | 59 (18.3) | 2.6 (1.5–4.5) |
Marital Status (p < 0.001) | Â | Â | Â |
Married | 49 (62.8) | 266 (82.6) | 1 |
Single†| 5 (6.4) | 6 (1.9) | 4.5 (1.3–15.4) |
Divorced/Widowed/Separated | 24 (30.6) | 50 (15.5) | 2.6 (1.5–4.6) |
Education (p = 0.003) | Â | Â | Â |
Educated‡ | 38 (48.7) | 215 (66.8) | 1 |
Uneducated | 40 (51.3) | 107 (33.2) | 2.1 (1.3–3.5) |
Living Conditions (p < 0.001) | Â | Â | Â |
Living with others | 69 (88.5) | 315 (97.8) | 1 |
Living alone | 9 (11.5) | 7 (2.2) | 5.9 (2.1–16.3) |
Caregiver(s) (p = 0.743) | Â | Â | Â |
Present (353) | 68 (87.2) | 285 (88.5) | 1 |
Absent (47) | 10 (12.8) | 37 (11.5) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) |
Family System (p < 0.001) | Â | Â | Â |
Joint Family System (226) | 27 (34.6) | 199 (61.8) | 1 |
Nuclear Family System (174) | 51 (65.4) | 123 (38.2) | 3.1 (1.8–5.1) |
Children (p < 0.001) | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 64 (82.1) | 305 (94.7) | 1 |
No | 14 (17.9) | 17 (5.3) | 3.9 (1.8–8.4) |
Frequency of Children visits (n = 77) (p = 0.496) | Â | Â | Â |
At least once a month | 4 (18.2) | 14 (25.5) | 1 |
Less than once a month | 18 (81.8) | 41 (74.5) | 1.5 (0.4–5.3) |
Employment Status (p < 0.001) | Â | Â | Â |
Employed | 13 (16.7) | 112 (34.8) | 1 |
Unemployed/Retired | 36 (46.1) | 151 (46.9) | 2.1 (1.1–4) |
Housewives | 29 (37.2) | 59 (18.3) | 4.2 (2–8.7) |
Financial Support (p = 0.75) | Â | Â | Â |
Other sources§ | 60 (76.9) | 242 (75.2) | 1 |
Self only | 18 (23.1) | 80 (24.8) | 0.9 (0.5–1.6) |