Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
From: Can pill placebo augment cognitive-behavior therapy for panic disorder?
Study | Participants | Interventions | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
Barlow et al (2000) | DIAGNOSIS: DSM-III-R panic disorder with mild to no agoraphobia AGE: mean = 34.1 to 37.8 years SEX: 62% women | 12 weeks of: 1. imipramine (mean = 214 to 239 mg/d by week 12) + CBT (11 sessions during 3 months) 2. imipramine alone 3. CBT alone 4. CBT + placebo 5. placebo alone | RESPONSE: > = 40% reduction on PDSS |
De Beurs et al (1995) | DIAGNOSIS: DSM-III-R panic disorder with moderate to severe agoraphobia AGE: mean = 38.8 SEX: 75% women | 12 weeks of: 1. fluvoxamine (100–150 mg/day) + exposure (12 weekly sessions) 2. exposure alone 3. placebo + exposure 4. psychological panic management plus exposure | RESPONSE: > = 40% reduction in panic frequency [imputed from its mean & SD] |
Sharp et al (1996) | DIAGNOSIS: DSM-III-R panic disorder with or without agoraphobia (% agoraphobia unclear; however, the average score for FQ-Ag was around 15, indicating most had at least some agoraphobia) AGE: mean = 33.2 to 38.8 SEX: 78% women | 12 weeks of: 1. fluvoxamine (100–150 mg/day) + CBT (12 sessions) 2. fluvoxamine alone 3. CBT alone 4. CBT + placebo 5. placebo alone | RESPONSE: "Very much" or "Much improved" on CGI Change |