Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents one year after a super-cyclone in Orissa, India: exploring cross-cultural validity and vulnerability factors

Table 1 Sample characteristics and prevalence of PTSD in different groups

Variables	Total (N = 447)		Proportion with PTSD (N = 137)		95% CI
	n	%	n	%
Gender
Female	224	50.1	72	32.1	25.9–38.2
Male	223	49.9	65	29.1	23.1–35.1
Age categories in years*
10 or less	53	11.9	13	24.5	18.6–30.5
11–13	175	39.1	75	42.9	35.6–50.2
14 or above	219	48.9	49	22.4	19.6–25.2
Educational level*
Class 5 or less	120	26.8	50	41.7	32.9–50.5
Class 6–8	110	24.6	41	37.3	28.3–46.3
Class 9–10	217	48.5	46	21.2	15.8–26.6
Socioeconomic status*
Below poverty line	272	60.8	66	24.3	19.2–29.4
Lower	96	21.5	29	30.2	21.2–39.4
Middle	79	17.7	42	53.2	42.2–64.2
Exposure*
High	268	59.9	117	43.7	37.8–49.6
Low	179	40.0	20	11.2	6.6–15.8
Traumatic experience
Death in family	17	3.8	6	35.3	12.6–58.0
Had disaster warning**	186	41.6	67	36.0	29.1–42.9
Home damaged	379	84.8	116	30.6	25.9–35.2
Had to stay away from home	348	77.8	108	31.0	26.2–35.9
Had extreme degree of fear during cyclone	388	86.8	122	31.4	29.1–33.7

ISSN: 1471-244X