Table 2 Number of positive individuals (%) according to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy ( 95% confidence intervals) for different EPDS cutoff points compared to the gold standard (International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and Youden's index, adult population from Pelotas (n = 447), 2012

≥ 1

363 (81.2)

100.0 (91.2 – 100.0)

20.6 (16.8 – 24.9)

11.0 (8.0 – 14.7)

100.0 (95.7 – 100.0)

60.3 (58.4 – 62.3)

0.206

≥ 2

303 (67.8)

97.5 (86.8 – 99.9)

35.1 (30.5 – 40.0)

12.9 (9.3 – 17.2)

99.3 (96.2 – 100.0)

66.3 (62.9 – 70.0)

0.326

≥ 3

239 (53.5)

95.0 (83.1 – 99.4)

50.6 (45.6 – 55.6)

15.9 (11.5 – 21.2)

99.0 (96.6 – 99.9)

72.8 (68.6 – 77.0)

0.456

≥ 4

196 (43.8)

90.0 (76.3 – 97.2)

60.7 (55.8 – 65.5)

18.4 (13.2 – 24.5)

98.4 (96.0 – 99.6)

75.3 (70.1 – 80.6)

0.507

≥ 5

150 (33.6)

82.5 (67.2 – 92.7)

71.3 (66.6 – 75.6)

22.0 (15.7 – 29.5)

97.6 (95.2 – 99.0)

76.9 (70.5 – 83.2)

0.538

≥ 6

122 (27.3)

82.5 (67.2 – 92.7)

78.1 (73.8 – 82.1)

27.0 (19.4 – 35.8)

97.8 (95.6 – 99.1)

80.3 (74.0 – 86.6)

0.606

≥ 7

102 (22.8)

82.5 (67.2 – 92.7)

83.0 (79.0 – 86.6)

32.4 (23.4 – 42.3)

98.0 (95.9 – 99.2)

82.8 (76.5 – 89.0)

0.655

≥ 8

85 (19.0)

80.0 (64.4 – 90.9)

87.0 (83.3 – 90.1)

37.6 (27.4 – 48.8)

97.8 (95.7 – 99.0)

83.5 (77.0 – 90.0)

0.670

≥ 9

67 (15.0)

72.5 (56.1 – 85.4)

90.7 (87.4 – 93.3)

43.3 (31.2 – 56.0)

97.1 (94.9 – 98.5)

81.6 (74.4 – 88.7)

0.632

≥10

61 (13.6)

70.0 (53.5 – 83.4)

91.9 (88.8 – 94.4)

45.9 (33.1 – 59.2)

96.9 (94.6 – 98.4)

80.9 (73.6 – 88.3)

0.619

≥ 11

53 (11.9)

65.0 (48.3 – 79.4)

93.4 (90.5 – 95.6)

49.1 (35.1 – 63.2)

96.4 (94.1 – 98.0)

79.2 (71.6 – 86.8)

0.584

≥ 12

43 (9.6)

55.0 (38.5 – 70.7)

94.8 (92.2 – 96.8)

51.2 (35.5 – 66.7)

99.5 (93.0 – 97.3)

74.9 (67.0 – 82.8)

0.498

≥ 13

33 (7.4)

47.5 (31.5 – 63.9)

96.6 (94.3 – 98.1)

57.6 (39.2 – 74.5)

94.9 (92.4 – 96.8)

72.0 (64.1 – 79.9)

0.441

≥ 14

29 (6.5)

45.0 (29.3 – 61.5)

97.3 (95.2 – 98.6)

62.1 (42.3 – 79.3)

94.7 (92.1 – 96.7)

71.1 (63.3 – 79.0)

0.423

≥ 15

23 (5.1)

35.0 (20.6 – 51.7)

97.8 (95.8 – 99.0)

60.9 (38.5 – 80.3)

93.9 (91.1 – 96.0)

66.4 (58.9 – 73.9)

0.328

≥ 16

18 (4.0)

25.0 (12.7 – 41.2)

98.0 (96.2 – 99.1)

55.6 (30.8 – 78.5)

93.0 (90.2 – 95.2)

61.5 (54.7 – 68.3)

0.230

≥ 17

15 (3.4)

22.5 (10.8 – 38.5)

98.5 (96.8 – 99.5)

60.0 (32.3 – 83.7)

92.8 (90.0 – 95.1)

60.5 (53.9 – 67.1)

0.210

≥ 18

12 (2.7)

20.0 (9.1 – 35.6)

99.0 (97.5 – 99.7)

66.7 (34.9 – 90.1)

92.6 (89.8 – 94.9)

59.5 (53.2 – 65.8)

0.190

≥ 19

10 (2.2)

17.5 (7.3 – 32.8)

99.3 (97.9 – 99.8)

70.0 (34.8 – 93.3)

92.4 (89.6 – 94.7)

58.4 (52.4 – 64.4)

0.168

≥ 20

10 (2.2)

17.5 (7.3 – 32.8)

99.3 (97.9 – 99.8)

70.0 (34.8 – 93.3)

92.4 (89.6 – 94.7)

58.4 (52.4 – 64.4)

0.168

≥ 21

7 (1.6)

12.5 (4.2 – 26.8)

99.5 (98.2 – 99.9)

71.4 (29.0 – 96.3)

92.0 (89.1 – 94.4)

56.0 (50.8 – 61.2)

0.120

≥ 22

6 (1.3)

12.5 (4.2 – 26.8)

99.8 (98.6 – 100)

83.3 (35.9 – 99.6)

92.1 (89.1 – 94.4)

56.1 (50.9 – 61.3)

0.123

≥ 23

4 (0.9)

10.0 (2.8 – 23.7)

100.0 (99.1 – 100.0)

100.0 (39.8 – 100.0)

91.9 (88.9 - 94.2)

55.0 (50.3 - 59.7)

0.100