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Table 2 Means, standard deviations, and significant comparisons for HoNOS ratings

From: Comparison of psychiatric disability on the health of nation outcome scales (HoNOS) in resettled traumatized refugee outpatients and Danish inpatients

HoNOS item

Refugee outpatients

Schizophrenia

Affective disorders

All anxiety disorders

Personality disorders

Addiction

Dementia

 

(F20-29)

(F30-39)

(F40-49)

(F60-69)

(F10-19)

(F00-09)

n = 448 (SD)

n = 3175 (SD)

n = 3081 (SD)

n = 1781 (SD)

n = 1030 (SD)

n = 950 (SD)

n = 950 (SD)

Behavioural problems

 

 1 Overactive, aggression

1.14 (0.82)

0.67* (1.04)

0.39* (0.81)

0.36* (0.78)

0.49* (0.89)

0.63* (1.04)

1.09 (1.27)

 2 Non-accidental self-injury

0.46 (0.71)

0.34 (0.85)

0.50 (1.06)

0.79* (1.29)

0.74* (1.19)

0.59 (1.13)

0.24* (0.75)

 3 Problem-drinking or drug taking

0.12 (0.47)

0.64* (1.14)

0.47* (0.97)

0.55* (1.03)

0.74* (1.18)

2.73* (1.11)

0.34* (0.91)

Organic problems

 4 Cognitive problems

1.60 (0.76)

0.76* (1.01)

0.52* (0.87)

0.29* (0.67)

0.36* (0.71)

0.82* (1.11)

2.14* (1.36)

 5 Physical illness

1.70 (0.98)

0.52* (0.99)

0.79* (1.12)

0.62* (1.07)

0.56* (0.97)

0.87* (1.17)

1.54 (1.40)

Psychological problems

 6 Hallucinations/delusions

0.60 (1.0)

2.10* (1.30)

0.48 (0.97)

0.32* (0.77)

0.57 (1.0)

0.73 (1.17)

1.38* (1.32)

 7 Depressed mood

2.20 (0.84)

0.88* (0.88)

1.87* (1.11)

1.48* (0.93)

1.42* (0.91)

1.13* (0.96)

0.93* (0.96)

 8 Comorbidity/Anxiety

2.90 (0.92)

2.09* (1.10)

1.96* (1.10)

2.04* (1.10)

2.11* (1.03)

1.87* (1.17)

2.06* (1.26)

Social problems

 9 Problems with relationships

2.10 (0.93)

1.58* (1.27)

1.04* (1.15)

1.02* (1.17)

1.43* (1.18)

1.27* (1.23)

1.66* (1.43)

 10 Problems with activities and…

1.30 (0.83)

1.11* (1.16)

0.95* (1.11)

0.52* (0.92)

0.76* (1.02)

1.06* (1.22)

2.00* (1.48)

 11 Living conditions

0.60 (0.92)

0.71 (1.14)

0.41* (0.90)

0.56 (1.15)

0.55 (1.05)

0.78 (1.24)

0.98* (1.37)

 12 Problems with occupation

0.95 (1.0)

0.77 (1.12)

0.52* (0.94)

0.47* (0.95)

0.52* (0.92)

0.83 (1.18)

1.19 (1.43)

 Total

15.70 (5.60)

12.16* (5.87)

9.90* (5.19)

9.01* (4.96)

10.24* (5.17)

13.32* (6.54)

15.55 (7.32)

  1. Note: HoNOS = Health of Nation Outcome Scales, *p < .0001, clinically important elevations are bolded, because of the number of comparisons, t-values are not reported (can be acquired through the first author).