Table 2 MINI diagnosis of depression across demographic groups
| Â | Zulu sample | Afrikaans sample | Xhosa sample | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MINI diagnosis (n = 306) | X 2 | MINI diagnosis (n = 289) | X 2 | MINI diagnosis (n = 303) | X 2 | ||||
No (n = 285) | Yes (n = 21) | No (n = 237) | Yes (n = 52) | No (n = 282) | Yes (n = 21) | ||||
Gender | |||||||||
 Male | 93 (33%) | 2 (10%) | 4.9a | 72 (30%) | 13 (25%) | 0.6 | 94 (33%) | 4 (19%) | 1.8 |
 Female | 192 (67%) | 19 (90%) |  | 165 (70%) | 39 (75%) |  | 188 (67%) | 17 (81%) |  |
Age | |||||||||
 15–20 | 28 (10%) | 1 (5%) | 9.9a | 25 (11%) | 4 (8%) | 12.0a | 54 (19%) | 1 (5%) | 6.7 |
 21–40 | 161 (56%) | 9 (43%) |  | 76 (32%) | 18 (35%) |  | 147 (52%) | 10 (48%) |  |
 41–60 | 73 (26%) | 5 (24%) |  | 77 (33%) | 27 (52%) |  | 71 (25%) | 10 (48%) |  |
 61 or older | 23 (8%) | 6 (28%) |  | 58 (25%) | 3 (6%) |  | 10 (4%) | 0 |  |
Marital status | |||||||||
 Single | 219 (77%) | 14 (67%) | 11.4a | 87 (37%) | 19 (37%) | 13.0a | 160 (57%) | 14 (67%) | 1.0 |
 Living with partner | 16 (6%) | 0 |  | 0 | 2 (4%) |  | 44 (16%) | 2 (9%) |  |
 Married (living together) | 20 (7%) | 1 (5%) |  | 106 (45%) | 17 (33%) |  | 53 (19%) | 3 (14%) |  |
 Married (not living together) | 7 (2%) | 0 |  | 5 (2%) | 3 (6%) |  | 13 (5%) | 1 (5%) |  |
 Divorced or widowed | 22 (8%) | 6 (29%) |  | 39 (16%) | 10 (20%) |  | 12 (4%) | 1 (5%) |  |
Education level | |||||||||
 No schooling | 8 (3%) | 0 | 7.5 | 4 (2%) | 2 (4%) | 3.7 | 6 (2%) | 0 | 2.6 |
 Primary school | 44 (15%) | 7 (33%) |  | 57 (24%) | 10 (19%) |  | 28 (10%) | 3 (14%) |  |
 Some secondary school | 108 (38%) | 9 (43%) |  | 123 (53%) | 33 (63%) |  | 174 (62%) | 10 (48%) |  |
 End of secondary school | 91 (32%) | 3 (14%) |  | 34 (15%) | 5 (10%) |  | 61 (22%) | 7 (33%) |  |
 Post-secondary school | 1 (0%) | 1 (5%) |  | 16 (7%) | 2 (4%) |  | 13 (5%) | 1 (5%) |  |
Employment status | |||||||||
 Working for pay | 59 (21%) | 3 (14%) | 18.1a | 45 (19%) | 5 (10%) | 9.8 | 100 (35%) | 5 (24%) | 5.2 |
 Self-employed | 2 (1%) | 2 (9%) |  | 5 (2%) | 1 (2%) |  | 9 (3%) | 0 |  |
 Scholar/student | 46 (16%) | 2 (9%) |  | 16 (7%) | 3 (6%) |  | 56 (20%) | 3 (14%) |  |
 Homemaker | 1 (0%) | 0 |  | 54 (23%) | 18 (35%) |  | 4 (1%) | 0 |  |
 Long term sick/disabled | 1 (0%) | 0 |  | 8 (3%) | 3 (6%) |  | 4 (1%) | 0 |  |
 Retired | 32 (11%) | 6 (29%) |  | 57 (24%) | 6 (12%) |  | 10 (3%) | 1 (5%) |  |
 Unemployed (looking) | 113 (40%) | 6 (29%) |  | 49 (21%) | 15 (29%) |  | 93 (33%) | 11 (52%) |  |
 Unemployed (not looking) | 30 (11%) | 2 (9%) |  | 3 (1%) | 1 (2%) |  | 6 (2%) | 1 (5%) |  |
Personal income | |||||||||
 R0 | 103 (36%) | 4 (19%) | 4.6 | 85 (37%) | 20 (39%) | 5.1 | 93 (33%) | 5 (24%) | 9.9 |
 R1-R500 | 48 (17%) | 3 (14%) |  | 10 (4%) | 5 (10%) |  | 40 (14%) | 7 (33%) |  |
 R501-R1,000 | 27 (9%) | 3 (14%) |  | 17 (7%) | 6 (12%) |  | 27 (10%) | 0 |  |
 R1001-R2000 | 54 (19%) | 7 (33%) |  | 93 (36%) | 15 (19%) |  | 51 (18%) | 6 (29%) |  |
 R2000-R5000 | 16 (6%) | 2 (9%) |  | 18 (8%) | 2 (4%) |  | 62 (22%) | 2 (10%) |  |
 More than R5000 | 11 (4%) | 1 (5%) |  | 19 (8%) | 3 (6%) |  | 8 (3%) | 1 (5%) |  |
Dwelling type | (n = 142) | (n = 16) |  | (n = 136) | (n = 38) |  | (n = 169) | (n = 11) | 0.5 |
 Informal/backyard dwelling | 21 (15%) | 3 (19%) | 5.1 | 1 (1%) | 3 (8%) | 9.0a | 76 (45%) | 5 (45%) |  |
 RDP house | 37 (26%) | 8 (50%) |  | 84 (62%) | 21 (55%) |  | 65 (38%) | 4 (36%) |  |
 Flat | 3 (2%) | 0 |  | 4 (3%) | 3 (8%) |  | 5 (3%) | 0 |  |
 Formal house | 81 (56%) | 5 (31%) |  | 47 (35%) | 11 (29%) |  | 23 (14%) | 2 (18%) |  |