From: Measurement invariance testing of the PHQ-9 in a multi-ethnic population in Europe: the HELIUS study
 | Free parametersa | χ2 (df) | RMSEA | CFI |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mode effect, total sample: | ||||
Interviewer (N = 6097) | 33 | 668.076* | 0.066 (0.062–0.071) | 0.988 |
Internet (N = 9904) | 33 | 944.605* | 0.062 (0.059–0.066) | 0.987 |
Paper (N = 7181) | 33 | 723.689* | 0.064 (0.060–0.068) | 0.990 |
Turks onlya: | ||||
Dutch (N = 1874) | 33 | 276.133* | 0.075 (0.067–0.083) | 0.988 |
Turkish (N = 894) | 33 | 157.153* | 0.079 (0.067–0.091) | 0.989 |
Ghanaians onlya: | ||||
Dutch (N = 456) | 33 | 53.541* | 0.052 (0.033–0.071) | 0.988 |
English (N = 1581) | 33 | 130.249* | 0.053 (0.044–0.062) | 0.989 |