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Table 1 Descriptive Statistics of Stroke Survivors with Co-occurring Depression Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2002–2012)

From: Prevalence, patterns and predictors of depression treatment among community-dwelling older adults with stroke in the United States: a cross sectional study

 

All (N = 370)

No Dep Tx (N = 55)

AD only (N = 268)

AD & Psych (N = 47)

Sig

Wt.%

Wt.%

Wt.%

Wt.%

 
 

12.4

74.8

12.8

 

Predisposing Factors

 Age

  50–64 years

39.6

42.8

34.8

64.9

***

  65,+ years

60.4

57.2

65.2

35.1

 

 Gender

  Female

62.4

65.3

62.1

61.9

 

  Men

37.6

34.7

37.9

38.1

 

 Race/Ethnicity

  White

77.3

67.4

78.1

82.3

*

  Other

22.7

32.6

21.9

17.7

 

Enabling Factors

 Marital Status

  Married

49.4

41.5

51.4

45.2

 

  Other

50.6

58.5

48.6

54.8

 

 Education

  LT HS

25.7

39.7

24.5

17.3

***

  HS

33.2

32.6

31.0

47.6

 

   > HS

41.0

27.7

44.5

35.1

 

 Poverty Status

  Poor

15.9

26.2

14.0

17.6

**

  Near Poor

24.3

32.0

23.4

22.2

 

  Middle Income

33.2

29.9

33.8

33.0

 

  High Income

26.6

11.9

28.9

27.2

 

 Insurance

  Public

47.2

59.3

42.8

61.1

***

  Others

52.8

40.7

57.2

38.9

 

Need Factors

 Perceived Physical Health Status

  Ex/vgood

12.4

12.0

13.2

8.8

 

  Good

25.1

28.5

23.1

33.6

 

  Fair/poor

62.5

59.5

63.8

57.6

 

 Perceived Mental Health Status

  Ex/vgood

22.9

36.1

23.0

9.2

*

  Good

38.0

28.2

39.2

39.8

 

  Fair/poor

39.2

35.7

37.7

50.9

 

 Pain

  Quite/Extreme

46.4

51.7

44.3

53.6

***

  Little/Moderate

41.5

28.4

45.4

31.3

 

  No Pain

12.1

19.8

10.3

15.0

 

 ADL Disability

  Yes

31.2

32.9

33.1

18.3

*

  No

68.8

67.1

66.9

81.7

 

 IADL Disability

  Yes

51.7

47.0

52.9

49.6

 

  No

48.3

53.0

47.1

50.4

 

 Functional Disability

  Yes

89.8

94.4

89.7

85.9

 

  No

10.2

5.6

10.3

14.1

 

 Activities Disability

  Yes

80.2

75.7

80.6

82.4

 

  No

19.8

24.3

19.4

17.6

 

 Chronic Disease Groups

  None

33.8

26.0

34.8

35.8

**

  One

30.2

32.5

29.3

33.3

 

  Two

24.5

20.8

26.8

14.7

 

  Three or more

11.4

20.7

9.0

16.3

 

Personal Health Practices Factors

 BMI Status

  Und/normal

58.8

77.5

58.4

43.6

***

  Overwt/Obese

41.2

22.5

41.6

56.4

 

 Smoking Status

  Current smoker

16.3

8.1

17.4

17.6

 

  Other

83.7

91.9

82.6

82.4

 

External Environmental Factors

 Area of Residence

  Metropolitan

78.0

84.9

78.2

70.3

 

  Non-Metropolitan

22.0

15.1

21.8

29.7

 

 Region

  Northeast

18.9

19.9

15.5

37.6

***

  Mid-west

21.9

8.5

25.0

16.4

 

  South

37.7

48.1

38.8

21.8

 

  West

21.5

23.5

20.7

24.2

 
  1. Based on 370 older adults (age ≥ 50 years) with self-reported stroke and depression who were alive during the calendar year (2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012)
  2. Abbreviations- No Dep Tx No Depression Treatment, AD only Antidepressants only, AD & Psych Antidepressants with Psychotherapy, LT HS Less than High School, HS High School, Wt% Weighted percentage, Sig Significant difference, Ex/vgood Excellent or Very Good, ADL Activity of Daily Living, IADL Instrumental Activity of Daily Living, Und/normal Underweight or Normal, Overwt/Obese Overweight or Obese, BMI Body Mass Index
  3. Asterisks represent statistical significance between the different depression treatment groups [No Depression Treatment (Unweighted N = 55); Antidepressants only (Unweighted N = 268); and Antidepressants with Psychotherapy (Unweighted N = 47)] based on chi-square tests
  4. ***p < 0.001; ** 0.001 ≤ p < 0.01; *0.01 ≤ p < 0.05
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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