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Table 2 Results of active contact and follow-up interventions

From: Active contact and follow-up interventions to prevent repeat suicide attempts during high-risk periods among patients admitted to emergency departments for suicidal behavior: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

Re-attempts

Death

No. of patients with re-attempts/No. of patients in each group analysis

No. of re-attempts/No. of patients in each group analysis

No. of any-cause deaths/No. of patients in each group analysis

No. of suicidal deaths/No. of patients in each group analysis

Intensive care plus outreach

 Allard et al. 1992 [21]

• E: 22/63; C: 19/63

• E: 60/63; C: 54/63

–

• E: 3/76; C 1/74

 Van Heeringen et al. 1995 [52]

• E: 21/196; C: 34/195

–

• 15 died in both groups

• E: 6/196; C: 7/195

 van der Sande et al. 1997 [51]

• E: 24/140; C: 20/134

• E: 32/140; C: 31/134

–

• E: 1/140; C: 2/134

 Morthorst et al. 2012 [44]

• E: 20/123; C: 13/120 (medically recorded)

• E: 11/95; C: 13/74 (self-reported)

–

• E: 2/123; C: 1/120

• E: 1/123; C: 0/120

 Kawanishi et al. 2014 [41]a

• E: 3/444; C: 16/445 in 1 mo

• E: 7/430; C: 32/440 in 3 mo

• E: 25/417; C: 51/428 in 6 mo

• E: 43/397; C: 60/399 in 12 mo

• E: 55/380; C: 71/385 in 18 mo

–

• E: 46/460; C: 42/454 during the overall study period

• E: 27/460; C: 30/454 during the overall study period

 Hatcher et al. 2015 [39]a

• E: 47/327; C: 42/357 in 3 mo

• E: 66/327; C: 73/357 in 12 mo

• E: 86/737; C: 75/737 in 3 mo

• E: 142/737; C: 135/737 in 12 mo

• E: 60/327; C: 62/357 in 3 mo

• E: 129/327; C: 163/357 in 12 mo

• E: 114/737; C: 108/737 in 3 mo

• E: 256/737; C: 272/737 in 12 mo

• E: 2/327; C: 4/357 in 12 mo

• E: 2/737; C: 4/737 in 12 mo

–

Brief intervention and contact

 Fleischmann et al. 2008 [33]; Bertolote et al. 2010 [25]

• E: 66/863; C: 60/800

–

• E: 11/872; C: 22/827

• E: 2/872; C: 18/827

 Mousavi et al., 2014 [45]a

• E: 1/69; C: 4/70 in 6 mo

–

–

–

Letter or postcard

 Carter et al. 2005 [27], 2007 [28], 2013 [29]

• E: 57/378; C: 68/394 in 12 mo

• E: 80/378; C: 90/394 in 24 mo

• E: 94/378; C: 107/394 in 60 mo

• E: 101/378; C: 192/394 in 12 mo

• E: 145/378; C: 310/394 in 24 mo

• E: 252/378; C: 484/394 in 60 mo

• E: 22/378; C: 22/394 in 60 mo

• E: 5/378; C: 6/394 in 60 mo

 Beautrais et al. 2010 [24]

• E: 39/153; C: 49/174

• E: 87/153; C: 136/174

–

–

 Hassanian-Moghaddam et al. 2011 [37], 2015 [38]a

• E: 31/1043; C: 55/1070 in 12 mo

• E: 62/997; C: 91/1004 in 24 mo

• E: 34/1043; C: 58/1070 in 12 mo

• E: 7/1150; C: 2/1150 in 12 mo

• E: 8/1150; C: 5/1150 in 24 mo

• E: 8/1150; C: 4/1150 in 24 mo

Telephone

 Cedereke et al. 2002 [30]

• E: 14/83 vs. C: 15/89

• E: 26/83 vs. C: 27/89

–

• E: 1/107; C: 1/109

 Vaiva et al. 2006 [50]

• E1: 24/147; E2: 20/146; C: 59/312

–

• 6 died in three groups

• E1: 0/147; E2: 1/146; C: 2/312

Composite of letter/postcard and telephone

 Kapur et al. 2013 [40]

• E: 11/33; C: 4/32

• E: 41/33; C: 7/32

• E: 1/33; C:0/32

–

  1. We referred to and modified data from a previous paper by Inagaki et al. (2015), and we reviewed newly published studiesa and added new data to the present table
  2. Abbreviations: E experimental intervention group, C control group