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Table 4 Estimates of random coefficients in terms of variance and covariance of time trend parameters among care providers

From: Trends in the use of coercive measures in Finnish psychiatric hospitals: a register analysis of the past two decades

Random coefficients

Any coercive measure

Est (SE)

Seclusion

Est (SE)

Limb restraints

Est (SE)

Forced injection

Est (SE)

Physical restraints

Est (SE)

Var: Intercepts

1.14(.186)‡

1.45(.238)‡

1.68(.281)‡

1.31(.227) ‡

0.931(.176)‡

Cov:Year/Intercept

−.018(.011)

−.032(.012)

.0087(.019)

−.0071(.013)

−.014(.015)

Var: Year

.0057(.0011)‡

.0056(.0012)*

.129(.025)‡

.0058(.0013)†

.010(.002)‡

Cov: Year^2/Intercept

.0018(.0015)

.024(.0018)

 

−.0055(.0020)*

.0063(.0019)†

Cov: Year^2/Year

−.0006(.0001)‡

−.0004(.0001)*

 

−.0004(.00015)†

.00017(.00019)

Var: Year^2

.00012(.00002)‡

.00013(.00003)‡

 

.00013(.00003)‡

.00011(.00003)†

χ2 statistic (p value)

51.00 (0.000)

47.86 (0.000)

27.10 (0.000)

40.33 (0.000)

33.68 (0.000)

  1. The model with random slopes of quadratic terms did not converge for limb restraints; hence, only a random linear slope model was fitted on this method. The χ2 statistic was based on a generalised Ward test for joint parameter estimates using the MLwiN package. ‡p < 0.001, †p < 0.01, *p < 0.05
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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