Table 1 Objectives and measurements for each group
Objective | Instrument or self-constructed item | No. of items | Group |
|---|---|---|---|
Primary objective | |||
Depressive symptoms | Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) | 9 | both |
Secondary objectives | |||
Prevalence differences in different time periods | Date of birth of the child, date on which the questionnaire was filled out | 2 | fathers of an infant |
Specific depressive symptoms | Gotland Male Depression Scale | 13 | both |
Course of depression | regarding the presence and duration of the current episode and previous episodes | 5 | both |
Symptoms of separation anxiety | Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA-27) | 27 | both |
Individuals’ tendency to interpret anxiety-associated physical sensations as threatening | Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) | 16 | both |
Participants’ subjective judgment on their own health status | “How would you describe your health in general?” | 1 | both |
Participants’ subjective judgment on the child’s and the mother’s health status | “How would you describe the health of your infant in general?” “How would you describe the health of the child’s mother in general?” | 2 | fathers of an infant |
Diagnosis of maternal postpartum depression | “Has a doctor or psychotherapist diagnosed postpartum depression in the child’s mother?” | 1 | fathers of an infant |
Extent of perceived self-efficacy | General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE) | 10 | both |
Normative Gender Role Orientation | Questionnaire of Normative Gender Role Attitudes (NGRO) | 29 | both |
Social support | Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU-K-14) | 14 | both |
Use of support systems | Are you supported by other people or support systems in the care of the newborn? | 1 | fathers of an infant |
Pregnancy and birth | child’s biological father or not; pregnancy was planned, unplanned or unwanted: whether artificial insemination was used or not; complication during pregnancy or birth; premature, miscarriage, or involved multiple births; caesarean section delivery or natural birth; having other children | 10 | fathers of an infant |
Involvement of the father | living in the same household as the infant during pregnancy and after birth; being a single parent; present at the birth; being involved in birth preparation; nighttime care; sleep quality because of the infant; daily time with the infant; use of paternity leave | 10 | fathers of an infant |
Sleep quality in general | “How would you rate your sleep quality in general?” | 1 | both |
Use of medical services | based on scales of the health questionnaire of the study on Adult Health in Germany (DEGS), the German version of the Client Sociodemographic and Service Receipt Inventory (CSSRI-D) and the questionnaire for the collection of health-related resource use in the elderly population (FIMA) | 2 | both |
Use of medical services | the use of health-related offers in the obstetric setting and the use of child-related health offers | 2 | fathers of an infant |
Socio-demographic data | age, marital / relationship status, minimum indicator set for recording migration status, educational level, income status, professional situation | 11 | both |