Table 1 Score values, level of significance, and questionnaires used in all cross-over studies analyzed

#3

STAI (trait anxiety)

BDI

-STAI^a: 1-month follow-up: baseline: 43; 1 month: 36; t₁₁ = 4.36, P = .001; 3-month follow-up: 3 months: 37; t₁₀ = 2.55, P = .03

-BDI^a: 6-month follow-up: baseline: 16; 6 months: 7; t₇ = 2.71, P = .03

-t tests

#4

STAI (state anxiety)

−2-month follow-up: baseline: mean (SD) 53.1 (4.7); 2 months: 41.5 (3.2); P = .021 (F = 4.846, df = 2.18

-Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) corrected for multiplicity

#6

BDI

BSI

GRID

HADS

HAM-A

POMS

STAI

−5-week follow-up

-BDI - low dose: baseline: 18.40 (1.09), 5 weeks: 12.92 (1.58); high dose: baseline: 17.77 (1.61), 5 weeks: 7.00 (1.39); P < .05; difference between doses: P < .01

-BSI - low dose: baseline: 41.76 (4.40), 5 weeks: 33.74 (4.47); high dose: baseline: 40.19 (3.71), 5 weeks: 18.08 (3.62); P < .05; difference between doses: P < .01

-GRID - low dose: baseline (mean (SD)): 22.32 (0.88), 5 weeks: 14.80 (1.45); high dose: baseline: 22.84 (0.97), 5 weeks: 6.64 (1.04); P < .05; difference between doses: P < .001

-HADS - low dose: baseline: 9.48 (0.71), 5 weeks: 6.04 (0.79); high dose: baseline: 9.81 (0.69), 5 weeks: 3.92 (0.74); P < .05; difference between doses: P < .05

-HAM-A - low dose: baseline: 25.68 (0.89), 5 weeks: 16.64 (1.53); high dose: baseline: 25.73 (1.11), 5 weeks: 8.48 (1.16); P < .05; difference between doses: P < .001

-POMS - significant difference observed only with the high dose (baseline: 56.93 (5.33), 5 weeks: 18.96 (5.78); P < .05) and among doses (P < .01)

-STAI - low dose: baseline: 47.46 (1.62), 5 weeks: 40.48 (2.11); high dose: baseline: 47.73 (1.91), 5 weeks: 34.64 (1.84); P < .05; difference between doses: P < .05

− 6-month follow-up^b:

-BDI: 8.00 (1.50), 6.17 (1.26); P < 0.001

-BSI: 4.64 (0.72), 3.46 (0.66); P < 0.001

-GRID: 6.95 (1.24), 6.23 (1.30); P < 0.001

-HADS: 4.64 (0.72), 3.46 (0.66); P < 0.001

-HAM-A: 7.95 (1.19), 7.04 (1.17); P < 0.001

-POMS: 23.50 (6.57), 12.52 (5.36); P < 0.001

STAI: 36.83 (2.08), 35.32 (2.18); P < 0.001

-z-tests

#7

BDI

HADS

STAI

-BDI: P⩽.01 (1 day, 2 and 6 weeks), P < .05 (7 and 26 weeks)

-HADS Anxiety: P < .05 (1 day and 26 weeks), P⩽.01 (2, 6, and 7 weeks)

-HADS Depression: P⩽.001 (1 day and 6 weeks), P < .01 (2 and 7 weeks), P < .05 (26 weeks)

-HADS Total: P⩽.001 (1 day, 2, 6 and 7 weeks), P < .05 (26 weeks)

-STAI State: P⩽.01 (1 day and 7 weeks), P⩽.001 (2 and 6 weeks), P < .05 (26 weeks)

-STAI Trait: P⩽.01 (1 day), P⩽.001 (2, 6 and 7 weeks), P < .05 (26 weeks)

-t-tests (P values for 1 day and 2, 6, and 7 weeks pre-crossover, and for 26 weeks post-crossover)