Table 2 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Participants in the Two Groups
Sociodemographic and psychological characteristics | Invention Group(n = 36) | Wait List Control Group(n = 36) | value | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD) | 68.31 ± 5.06 | 68.92 ± 4.35 | −0.550 | 0.584 |
Sex, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.503 | 0.478 |
 Male | 15 (41.7) | 18 (50.0) |  |  |
 Female | 21 (58.3) | 18 (50.0) |  |  |
Education level, n (%) |  |  | −1.200 | 0.230 |
 Primary school and below | 10 (27.8) | 8 (22.2) |  |  |
 Junior school | 18 (50.0) | 14 (38.9) |  |  |
 High school | 6 (16.6) | 12 (33.3) |  |  |
 College and above | 2 (5.6) | 2 (5.6) |  |  |
Marital status, n (%) | Â | Â | 0.321 | 0.571 |
 Married | 27 (75.0) | 29 (80.6) |  |  |
 Single (divorced, widowed) | 9 (25.0) | 7 (19.4) |  |  |
Employment status, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.042 | 0.594 |
 Full-time employment | 10 (27.8) | 14 (38.9) |  |  |
 Part-time employment | 17 (47.2) | 15 (41.7) |  |  |
 Retired | 9 (25.0) | 7 (19.4) |  |  |
Monthly income, n (%) |  |  | −0.538 | 0.590 |
 Low(≤1000) | 10 (27.8) | 12 (33.3) |  |  |
 Middle(1000~3000) | 20 (55.5) | 19 (52.8) |  |  |
 High(≥3000) | 6 (16.7) | 5 (13.9) |  |  |
Physical condition, n (%) |  |  | −0.813 | 0.416 |
 Good | 15 (41.7) | 18 (50.0) |  |  |
 Fair | 15 (41.7) | 14 (38.9) |  |  |
 Poor | 6 (16.6) | 4 (11.1) |  |  |
Type of empty-nest, n (%) | Â | Â | 1.185 | 0.276 |
 Relatively empty-nest | 25 (69.4) | 29 (80.6) |  |  |
 Absolutely empty-nest | 11 (30.6) | 7 (19.4) |  |  |
Score of personality trait | ||||
 Extroversion, mean(SD) | 9.36 ± 2.23 | 9.75 ± 1.95 | −0.79 | 0.433 |
 Neuroticism, mean(SD) | 9.69 ± 1.89 | 9.50 ± 1.95 | 0.43 | 0.669 |
 Positive coping style,mean (SD) | 21.11 ± 2.65 | 21.03 ± 2.64 | 0.13 | 0.894 |
 Negative coping style,mean (SD) | 12.36 ± 3.80 | 11.58 ± 2.73 | 0.99 | 0.323 |
 psychological self-help ability, mean (SD) | 45.28 ± 5.27 | 45.00 ± 4.71 | 0.24 | 0.814 |
 Mental-Health status,mean (SD) | 143.25 ± 6.25 | 144.81 ± 4.82 | −1.18 | 0.241 |