Table 1 Demographic and questionnaire characteristics of healthy controls and depressed patients at baseline (means and SD (in brackets))

Age

31.10 (4.39)

31.82 (8.04)

n.s.

Gender (f/m)

26/13

26/13

–

Level of School Education

< .05 ^A,*

 N 9th grade

1

2

 N 10th grade

6

17

 N 12th grade

32

20

Illness duration of current episode (in months)

–

12.72 (13.74)

–

Number of episodes

–

3.00 (2.00)

–

Lifetime hospitalization (weeks)

–

5.21 (8.17)

–

BDI-II

3.82 (4.67)

31.26 (9.69)

< .001*

PANAS-PA trait

36.42 (5.29)

21.79 (6.87)

< .001*

PANAS-PA state

31.38 (5.90)

20.95 (6.82)

< .001*

PANAS-NA trait

14.29 (3.10)

27.15 (7.16)

< .001*

PANAS-NA state

12.08 (1.95)

21.79 (7.96)

< .001*

IPANAT-PA

2.41 (0.34)

2.04 (0.42)

< .001*

IPANAT-NA

1.72 (0.37)

1.90 (0.38)

< .05*