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Table 2 Prevalence, cases, and ORs for postpartum depression assessed using EPDS according to education level

From: Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

 

Highest education level

p-value for trend

≥16 years

(n = 19,621)

>12–<16 years

(n = 38,030)

≤12 years

(n = 32,543)

1 month

 Prevalence, %

11.6

13.2

17.7

 

 Cases, n

2271

5010

5768

 

 OR (95% CI)

  Crude

1.00

–

1.16

(1.10–1.22)

1.65

(1.56–1.73)

< .001

  Model 1

1.00

–

1.14

(1.08–1.20)

1.48

(1.40–1.56)

< .001

  Model 2

1.00

–

1.07

(1.01–1.13)

1.26

(1.19–1.34)

< .001

6 months

 Prevalence, %

9.0

 

10.5

 

15.2

  

 Cases, n

1768

 

3975

 

4933

  

 OR (95% CI)

  Crude

1.00

–

1.18

(1.11–1.25)

1.80

(1.70–1.92)

< .001

  Model 1

1.00

–

1.15

(1.09–1.23)

1.57

(1.48–1.67)

< .001

  Model 2

1.00

–

1.03

(0.97–1.10)

1.21

(1.13–1.29)

< .001

  1. The table shows the imputed data for the 90,194 mothers in the study
  2. Boldface indicates statistical significance at the level of 5%
  3. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
  4. Cases: a total EPDS score of ≥9
  5. Crude: crude model
  6. Model 1: Partial model adjusted for physician-diagnosed history of depression, anxiety disorder, dysautonomia, and schizophrenia
  7. Model 2: Full model adjusted for all the covariates of the model 1; maternal age; body mass index; parity; smoking status; alcohol intake; physical activity; employment status; feeding method; marital status; annual household income; and passive smoking status
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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