Table 1 Demographic data, IQ, the MCCB scores, and clinical information in patients and health controls
|  | dn-FES (n = 69) | HC (n = 74) | Statistics | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years, mean ± SD) | 24.22 ± 7.08 | 26.27 ± 6.97 | T = 1.75 | 0.083 |
Sex (male/female) | 50/19 | 45/29 | X2Â =Â 1.48 | 0.142 |
Education (years, mean ± SD) | 13.23 ± 2.81 | 14.69 ± 3.10 | T = 2.94 | 0.004 |
DUP (mouths, mean ± SD) | 13.74 ± 11.76 | NA | NA | NA |
Smokers/Nonsmorkers | 6/63 | 0/74 | X2 = 6.72 | 0.01 |
PANSS | ||||
 Positive symptoms | 24.42 ± 3.88 | NA | NA | NA |
 Negative symptoms | 17.58 ± 4.10 | NA | NA | NA |
 General | 42.19 ± 3.55 | NA | NA | NA |
 All totals | 84.19 ± 8.25 | NA | NA | NA |
Cognitive domains | ||||
 Speed of processing | 35.42 ± 10.79 | 51.22 ± 8.46 | F = 50.48 | < 0.001 |
 Verbal learning | 35.51 ± 11.07 | 46.35 ± 9.78 | F = 19.62 | < 0.001 |
 Working memory | 34.22 ± 8.92 | 45.12 ± 7.10 | F = 33.56 | < 0.001 |
 Reasoning/problem solving | 42.90 ± 11.56 | 53.53 ± 8.17 | F = 20.24 | < 0.001 |
 Visual learning | 39.45 ± 11.91 | 50.55 ± 7.87 | F = 23.17 | < 0.001 |
 Attention/vigilance | 35.04 ± 11.49 | 48.03 ± 7.22 | F = 36.14 | < 0.001 |
 Social cognition | 32.68 ± 11.28 | 37.81 ± 9.34 | F = 4.99 | 0.008 |
 overall composite | 28.07 ± 12.27 | 45.97 ± 8.13 | F = 55.01 | < 0.001 |
 IQ | 104.28 ± 11.81 | 115.55 ± 8.30 | F = 50.48 | < 0.001 |