Table 5 Overview of immunological markers estimated from blood during day 1 and day 2
Analysis | Marker |
|---|---|
Cytokine markers | Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) |
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) | |
Interleukin 8 (IL-8) | |
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) | |
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)/regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) | |
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) | |
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) | |
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) | |
Cell death markers | Double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) |
Nucleosomes | |
Cell injury markers | |
General cell injury | Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) |
Liver cell injury | Aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) |
Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) | |
α-fetoprotein (AFP) | |
microRNA-122 (mRNA-122) | |
Muscle cell injury | Creatine kinase (CK) |
Single layer epithelial cell injury | Total & cleared cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) |