Spatial clustering of suicide mortality and associated community characteristics in Kanagawa prefecture, Japan, 2011–2017

Yamaoka, Kazue; Suzuki, Masako; Inoue, Mariko; Ishikawa, Hirono; Tango, Toshiro

doi:10.1186/s12888-020-2479-7

Table 4 Paramer estiates of covariates: Regression model for log(EBSMR) and CAR models with significantly detescted regions3a (Female)

From: Spatial clustering of suicide mortality and associated community characteristics in Kanagawa prefecture, Japan, 2011–2017

Variables	2011			2012			2013			2014			2015			2016			2017
Variables	β	SE	p-value	β	SE	p-value	β	SE	p-value	β	SE	p-value	β	SE	p-value	β	SE	p-value	β	SE	p-value
Linear regression model
unemployment (%)	–			–			–			–			–			–			–
family size	–			–			−0.025	0.012	0.039	–			−0.007	0.004	0.080	−0.011	0.004	0.006	–
poplation density (person/km²)	–			–			−0.039	0.012	0.002	–			–			–			–
% of higher education	–			–			–			–			−0.012	0.004	0.004	–			–
average income (10,000 yen)	–			–			–			–			–			–			–
death rate (/100,000)	–			–			–			−0.593	0.163	0.001	–			–			–
% of the tertiary sector	–			–			–			0.420	0.164	0.013	–			−0.004	0.003	0.147	–
# of psychiatric hospital	–			–			0.017	0.010	0.087	–			–			–			–
divorce rate (/1000)	0.007	0.004	0.099	0.007	0.002	0.007	–			0.477	0.164	0.005	–			0.004	0.002	0.096	–
marriage rate (/1000)	–			–			–			–			–			−0.011	0.003	0.003	–
CAR model with 5 covariates	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper
family size	−0.085	−0.228	0.058	0.042	−0.109	0.195	−0.151	−0.311	0.007	−0.033	−0.186	0.122	0.047	−0.118	0.217	−0.144	−0.317	0.031	−0.101	−0.296	0.091
poplation density	−0.025	−0.160	0.111	−0.064	−0.214	0.085	−0.206	−0.360	−0.050	−0.065	−0.214	0.084	−0.099	−0.252	0.058	−0.107	−0.274	0.060	0.007	−0.174	0.189
% of higher education	0.030	−0.112	0.173	0.020	−0.127	0.167	−0.003	−0.159	0.153	−0.015	−0.164	0.134	0.021	−0.137	0.179	−0.027	−0.202	0.147	−0.007	−0.202	0.186
% of the tertiary sector	−0.019	−0.169	0.131	0.175	0.018	0.333	−0.022	−0.180	0.138	0.089	−0.068	0.248	−0.066	−0.286	0.151	0.026	−0.152	0.205	−0.029	−0.231	0.175
divorce rate (/1000)	0.115	−0.032	0.262	0.305	0.147	0.461	0.027	−0.136	0.188	0.116	−0.044	0.275	−0.097	−0.283	0.088	0.127	−0.053	0.308	0.025	−0.178	0.222
Significantly detected regions^$	[4]			[4] [14] [19] [45] [51]			[19] [38]			–			[27]			[4] [19]			[19] [29]
CAR model with 10 covariates	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	βSignificantly detected regions	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper	β	lower	upper
unemployment (%)	0.006	−0.113	0.129	−0.017	−0.146	0.115	−0.016	− 0.144	0.116	0.092	−0.044	0.234	0.005	−0.133	0.148	0.045	−0.153	0.261	0.210	−0.019	0.456
family size	0.011	−0.132	0.153	−0.076	−0.229	0.077	0.074	−0.075	0.221	−0.063	−0.224	0.097	0.118	−0.040	0.275	0.020	−0.208	0.258	0.076	−0.181	0.328
poplation density (person/km²)	−0.083	−0.224	0.060	−0.042	−0.166	0.082	−0.074	−0.227	0.080	−0.123	−0.284	0.038	0.018	−0.143	0.180	0.122	−0.068	0.332	0.024	−0.232	0.279
% of higher education	−0.118	−0.236	−0.001	−0.012	−0.208	0.186	−0.040	−0.165	0.084	−0.074	−0.207	0.059	−0.008	−0.140	0.125	0.123	−0.173	0.439	0.045	−0.163	0.271
average income (10,000 yen)	−0.021	−0.206	0.165	−0.040	−0.179	0.098	−0.011	−0.208	0.187	−0.087	−0.297	0.128	−0.110	−0.321	0.104	−0.098	−0.320	0.113	0.238	−0.093	0.604
death rate (/100,000)	0.037	−0.092	0.166	0.151	−0.006	0.305	−0.040	−0.179	0.098	0.040	−0.107	0.186	−0.016	−0.165	0.136	0.233	−0.016	0.468	−0.116	−0.357	0.111
% of the tertiary sector	0.114	−0.035	0.262	−0.111	−0.251	0.027	0.157	0.000	0.311	−0.033	−0.209	0.138	0.124	−0.047	0.292	−0.101	−0.332	0.115	0.076	−0.176	0.329
# of psychiatric hospital	−0.024	−0.155	0.108	0.026	−0.034	0.085	−0.110	−0.250	0.029	0.015	−0.134	0.162	0.023	−0.125	0.172	0.028	−0.063	0.121	−0.116	−0.380	0.123
divorce rate (/1000)	0.027	−0.029	0.082	0.010	−0.118	0.137	0.026	−0.034	0.085	−0.063	−0.129	0.002	0.031	−0.034	0.094	0.124	−0.061	0.303	−0.020	−0.122	0.085
marriage rate (/1000)	0.053	−0.064	0.170	0.075	−0.073	0.223	0.007	−0.121	0.134	−0.030	−0.167	0.106	0.024	−0.114	0.161	0.028	−0.204	0.259	0.084	−0.115	0.288
Significantly detected regions^$	[4] [19] [33] [56]			[19] [33] [57]			[19] [33] [36] [52] [55] [57]			[19] [29] [56]			[19] [33] [36] [55] [56] [57]			[4] [36]			[19] [29]
Tango’s Index Significantly detected regions^$	–			–			–			–			–			–			[24] [28] [38]
FlexScan Significantly detected regions^$	–			–			–			–			–			–			–
SaTScan Significantly detected regions^$	–			–			–			–			–			–			–

β: parameter estimateby multiple regression model with stepwise variable selection method (inclusion and exclustion criteria: 20%)
SE: standard error
-: Variable not included the final model
All variables were centroided (mean 0, variance 1)
CAR model by OpenBUGS (iterations = 100000, Chain = 2, Thining = 10, Sample = 20000)
$: Region number (see Additional file 1: Material 3)

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