Table 1 Studies assessing the mediating role of sleep, problematic internet use (PIU), problematic gaming, and psychological symptoms
First author, year | Country | Participants | Predictor variable | Mediator | Outcome variable |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Li, 2019 [27] | United States | Adolescents | Social messaging Web surfingTV/movie watching Gaming | Problems falling alseep;Problems staying asleep;Weekday sleep duration | Depressive symptoms |
Bhandari, 2017 [28] | Nepal | Undergraduatestudents | Sleep quality | Internet addiction | Depressive symptoms |
Internet addiction | Sleep quality | Depressive symptoms | |||
An, 2014 [29] | China | Adolescents | PIU | Sleep quality | Psychological symptoms |
Tan, 2016 [30] | China | Adolescents | PIU | Depressive symptoms | Sleep disturbance |
Depressive symptoms | PIU | Sleep disturbance | |||
Guo, 2018 [31] | China | Adolescents | PIU | Sleep disturbance | Suicidal behavior |
Suicidal behavior | Sleep disturbance | PIU | |||
Lemola, 2015 [32] | Switzerland | Adolescents | Electronic media use before bed | Sleep duration Sleep difficulties | Depressive symptoms |
Guerrero, 2019 [33] | United States | Children | Screen time (i.e. playing video games) | Sleep duration | Emotional/behavioralproblems |