Predictors of the one-year-change in depressiveness in informal caregivers of community-dwelling people with dementia

Table 1 Overlap of BayDem variables and Pearlin’s stress process model

Category	Variable	Measures in BayDem
Background and Context	SES Characteristics Age, sex, education	sociodemographic information
	Caregiving History Relation to PWD Comorbidities of PWD	sociodemographic information Charlson Comorbidity Index
	Family and Network Composition Social network of informal caregiver	LSNS
	(Program Availability)	n.m.
Primary Stressors	Objective Indicators Cognitive Status Cognition Problematic Behavior Behavioral symptoms in dementia Necessary surveillance ADL, iADL Dependencies Time spent on care	MMSE NPI Supervision care time (RUD) ADL, iADL care time (RUD)
Primary Stressors	(Subjective Indicators)	n.m.
(Secondary Role Strains)
(Secondary Intrapsychic Strains)
Mediators	(Coping)	n.m.
Mediators	Social Support Contribution to care	RUD
Outcomes	Depression Depressiveness (Anxiety) (Irascibility) (Cognitive Disturbance) (Physical Health) (Yielding of Role)	WHO-5 n.m. n.m. n.m. n.m. n.m.

Source: Pearlin et al. [22]
n.m. not measured, PWD person/people with dementia, ADL activities of daily living, iADL instrumental activities of daily living. Italics: operationalization in BayDem. Constructs in brackets were not encompassed in the BayDem data set. Only depression was considered as an outcome as it is the main focus of the present study

ISSN: 1471-244X