Telemedical care and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: results of a randomized controlled trial

Stentzel, Ulrike; van den Berg, Neeltje; Moon, Kilson; Schulze, Lara N.; Schulte, Josephine; Langosch, Jens M.; Hoffmann, Wolfgang; Grabe, Hans J.

doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03318-8

Table 4 Results of the linear mixed model for WHOQOL total sum score and the five WHOQOL Domains with further variables

From: Telemedical care and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: results of a randomized controlled trial

WHOQOL		Estimate	95% CI		p-value^a
WHOQOL			LCI	UCI
Total score quality of life
Intercept		46,772	35,965	57,579	<.0001
study group (ref = control)		1752	− 2869	6373	0,457
time point (ref = baseline)		− 4293	− 9640	1053	0,115
age		− 4293	−0,114	0,175	0,676
gender (ref = female)		7044	3493	10,595	<.0001
education (ref = < 10 years)	10 years	− 4047	− 8481	0,388	0,074
education (ref = < 10 years)	> 10 years	− 2957	− 8412	2499	0,287
Social support		0,371	0,223	0,519	<.0001
GAF		0,345	0,183	0,508	<.0001
study group * time point		3.769	−2.966	10.504	0.273
Physical health domain
Intercept		22,183	7678	36,688	0,003
study group (ref = control)		2626	− 3504	8756	0,401
time point (ref = baseline)		− 5176	−12,140	1788	0,145
age		−0,038	−0,229	0,152	0,692
gender (ref = female)		6286	1665	10,907	0,008
education (ref = < 10 years)	10 years	− 3691	− 9562	2179	0,217
education (ref = < 10 years)	> 10 years	− 0,635	−7,77	6,5	0,861
Social support		0,142	−0,05	0,333	0,147
GAF		0,481	0,265	0,697	<.0001
study group * time point		3.100	−5.804	12.005	0.495
Psychological health domain
Intercept		14,726	−0,408	29,860	0,056
study group (ref = control)		3937	− 2472	10,346	0,229
time point (ref = baseline)		− 6867	−14,281	0,547	0,069
age		−0,053	−0,256	0,149	0,606
gender (ref = female)		10,707	5728	15,687	<.0001
education (ref = < 10 years)	10 years	− 6610	−12,831	− 0,390	0,037
education (ref = < 10 years)	> 10 years	− 6086	− 13,589	1416	0,112
Social support		0,322	0,112	0,532	0,003
GAF		0,441	0,206	0,676	<.0001
study group * time point		3.212	−6.117	12.541	0.500
Social relationships domain
Intercept		2867	−13,838	19,572	0,736
study group (ref = control)		− 2272	− 9210	4666	0,521
time point (ref = baseline)		− 5500	− 13,558	2559	0,181
age		0,126	− 0,086	0,338	0,244
gender (ref = female)		1465	− 3840	6771	0,588
education (ref = < 10 years)	10 years	− 8081	− 14,701	− 1462	0,017
education (ref = < 10 years)	> 10 years	−13,705	−21,747	− 5662	0,001
Social support		0,821	0,035	1038	<.0001
GAF		0,289	0,035	0,544	0,026
study group * time point		3.122	−7.101	13.345	0.549
Environment domain
Intercept		30,174	17,934	42,415	<.0001
study group (ref = control)		1685	− 3703	7074	0,540
time point (ref = baseline)		− 1219	− 7302	4863	0,694
age		0,129	−0,033	0,291	0,119
gender (ref = female)		5929	2010	9848	0,003
education (ref = < 10 years)	10 years	− 0,754	− 5761	4252	0,767
education (ref = < 10 years)	> 10 years	2793	− 3612	9198	0,392
Social support		0,418	0,246	0,591	<.0001
GAF		0,109	−0,074	0,291	0,243
study group * time point		3.479	−4.071	11.030	0.366
Global Domain
Intercept		12,838	− 4603	30,278	0,149
study group (ref = control)		− 2434	−10,072	5204	0,532
time point (ref = baseline)		− 1822	−10,631	6986	0,685
age		− 0,025	−0,267	0,217	0,838
gender (ref = female)		8016	2265	13,766	0,006
education (ref = < 10 years)	10 years	− 2693	− 9726	4339	0,453
education (ref = < 10 years)	> 10 years	− 7089	−15,768	1590	0,109
Social support		0,272	0,025	0,519	0,031
GAF		0,443	0,181	0,705	0,001
study group * time point		8.025	−3.091	19.142	0.157

Abbreviations: WHOQOL World Health Organization Quality of Life, CI confidence interval, LCI lower CI (mean), UCI upper CI (mean), GAF Global Assessment of Functioning
^asignificant p values are printed in bold

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