Table 1 Statistical description of study samples
From: Prevalence and predictors of depression among emergency physicians: a national cross-sectional study
Variables | N (%) | Depression (CES-D Scores ≥20) | χ2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 15243 (100.00) | 5425 (35.59) | NA | NA |
Gender | ||||
Male | 10650 (69.87) | 3854 (36.19) | 5.50 | 0.02 |
Female | 4593 (30.13) | 1571 (34.20) | ||
Age group, y | ||||
≤31 | 4089 (26.83) | 1467 (35.88) | 146.60 | <0.01 |
>31 and ≤37 | 4117 (27.01) | 1674 (40.66) | ||
>37 and ≤43 | 3291 (21.59) | 1236 (37.56) | ||
>43 | 3746 (24.57) | 1048 (27.98) | ||
Region | ||||
Developed | 6000 (39.36) | 2031 (33.85) | 13.13 | 0.01 |
Middle-developed | 4097 (26.88) | 1499 (36.59) | ||
Less-developed | 5146 (33.76) | 1895 (36.82) | ||
Education level | ||||
Associate’s degree or vocational diploma | 894 (5.86) | 230 (25.73) | 41.21 | <0.01 |
Bachelor degree | 10293 (67.53) | 3702 (35.97) | ||
Master degree or higher | 4056 (26.61) | 1493 (36.81) | ||
Marital status | ||||
Married/widow/divorced | 12691 (83.26) | 4494 (35.41) | 1.06 | 0.30 |
Unmarried | 2552 (16.74) | 931 (36.48) | ||
Income status | ||||
High | 1672 (10.97) | 398 (23.80) | 312.27 | <0.01 |
Middle | 6746 (44.26) | 2106 (31.22) | ||
Low | 6825 (44.77) | 2921 (42.80) | ||
Work tenure, y | ||||
≤3 | 4921 (32.28) | 1660 (33.73) | 48.49 | <0.01 |
>3 and ≤6 | 3114 (20.44) | 1173 (37.67) | ||
>6 and ≤11 | 3424 (22.46) | 1351 (39.46) | ||
>11 | 3784 (24.82) | 1241 (32.80) | ||
Contract status | ||||
Permanent | 9715 (63.73) | 3430 (35.31) | 0.94 | 0.33 |
Temporary | 5528 (36.27) | 1995 (36.09) | ||
Professional title | ||||
Elementary or below | 5349 (35.09) | 1933 (36.14) | 103.13 | <0.01 |
Intermediate | 5861 (38.45) | 2305 (39.33) | ||
Senior | 4033 (26.46) | 1187 (29.43) | ||
Ownership | ||||
Governmental | 14599 (95.78) | 5246 (35.93) | 17.82 | <0.01 |
Non-governmental | 644 (4.22) | 179 (27.80) | ||
Level of hospital | ||||
Three-grade level | 10152 (66.60) | 3661 (36.06) | 20.16 | <0.01 |
Two-grade level | 4841 (31.76) | 1708 (35.28) | ||
Other | 250 (1.64) | 56 (22.40) | ||
Shift work | ||||
Yes | 13288 (87.17) | 5031 (37.86) | 233.12 | <0.01 |
No | 1955 (12.83) | 394 (20.15) | ||
Workplace violence | ||||
Yes | 13699 (89.87) | 5267 (38.45) | 481.88 | <0.01 |
No | 1544 (10.13) | 158 (10.23) | ||
Self-perceived health status | ||||
Good | 4707 (30.88) | 811 (17.23) | 1781.32 | <0.01 |
Fair | 7729 (50.71) | 2778 (35.94) | ||
Poor | 2807 (18.41) | 1836 (65.41) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
<25 | 9588 (62.90) | 3345 (34.89) | 5.57 | 0.02 |
≥25 | 5655 (37.10) | 2080 (36.78) | ||
History of hypertension | ||||
Yes | 2317 (15.20) | 1000 (43.16) | 68.29 | <0.01 |
No | 12926 (84.80) | 4425 (34.23) | ||
History of diabetes | ||||
Yes | 598 (3.92) | 257 (42.98) | 14.81 | <0.01 |
No | 14645 (96.08) | 5168 (35.29) | ||
History of coronary heart disease | ||||
Yes | 471 (3.09) | 273 (57.96) | 106.11 | <0.01 |
No | 14772 (96.91) | 5152 (34.88) | ||
Smoking status | ||||
Nonsmokers | 12287 (80.61) | 4265 (34.71) | 21.34 | <0.01 |
Smokers | 2956 (19.39) | 1160 (39.24) | ||
Alcohol drinking | ||||
Nondrinkers | 11451 (75.12) | 4068 (35.53) | 0.08 | 0.77 |
Drinkers | 3792 (24.88) | 1357 (35.79) | ||
Physical inactivity | ||||
Yes | 4145 (27.19) | 1113 (26.85) | 189.64 | <0.01 |
No | 11098 (72.81) | 4312 (38.85) | ||
Sleep quality | ||||
Good | 2295 (15.06) | 250 (10.89) | 1777.99 | <0.01 |
Fair | 7347 (48.20) | 2058 (28.01) | ||
Poor | 5601 (36.74) | 3117 (55.65) | ||