Table 2 Overview of contents and therapeutic approaches in the modules of study arm 1 (mindfulness-CBT-based web self-help
Module | Content and therapeutic approaches / resources | Mindfulness practices (adopted or adapted from the indicated source) |
|---|---|---|
Module 1: introduction | -Pros and cons of using cannabis, consumption goal, confidence of change (MI techniques [14]) | -Mindfulness breathing [58] -Body scan [58] |
Module 2: trigger | -Reflecting on practicing mindfulness (including its challenges; (MBRP; [31]) -Identifying personal triggers and recognizing seemingly irrelevant but triggering decisions (CBT approach to relapse prevention; [25]) -Dealing with urges (MBRP; [31]) | -Urge surfing [31] -Mountain meditation [31] |
Module 3: craving | -Introduction to and detailed discussion of the concept of craving (MBRP; [31], CBT [59]) -Ways of dealing with craving: ‘SOBER breathing space’ (MBRP; [31]) | - SOBER breathing space [31] |
Module 4: (re)lapse | -(Re)lapse cycle with a particular focus on thoughts (MBRP; [31]) -Ways of breaking the relapse cycle (MBRP; [31]) -Dealing and coping with (re)lapses (including being self-compassioned) (MBRP; [31]) -Mindfulness in everyday life | -Self-compassion [56] -SOBER breathing space (with a focus on thoughts; [31]) -Walking meditation [60] |
Module 5: time for yourself | -Dealing with stress [32] -Developing healthy sleep habits [61, 62] -Decreasing excessive ruminations [61, 63,64,65,66,67] -Strengthening social contacts [23] | -Recognizing thoughts as thoughts [56] -Lovingkindness meditation [56] |
Module 6: addressing problems | -Relationships between consumption, problems, and low moods (depressive symptoms) [24] -Skills to deal with solvable and unsolvable problems, including cognitive [61] and mindfulness approaches (MBRP; [31]) | In order to accept negative feelings that might arise from unsolvable problems, two practices are suggested – urge surfing and lovingkindness meditation (Links to these meditations are provided) |
Module 7: lifestyle-balance, self-care and saying ‘no’ (refusal skills) | -Awareness of and nurturing lifestyle balance and self-care (MBRP; [31]) -Strengthening refusal skills for use in high-risk situations (based on CBT; [15]) | -SOBER breathing space (with a focus on thoughts; [31]) -Lovingkindness meditation [56] |
Module 8: preserving achievements | -Review of program -Writing down personal tips to help secure achievements after the program is complete (based on MI techniques; [14] -Emphasizing the importance of the continuation of practicing mindfulness (MBRP; [31]) -Overview of introduced mindfulness practices within the program -Further resources on mindfulness (books, videos, courses, etc.) | Link to an overview that includes all practices that were introduced within CANreduce 3.0 |