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Table 1 Subthreshold Psychiatric Symptoms (SPS) Subtypes—Based on DSM-5 Criteria

From: The prevalence of subthreshold psychiatric symptoms and associations with alcohol and substance use disorders: from a nationally representative survey of 36,309 adults

SPS

Criteria Not Met

n

Description

Bipolar

A

399

Hypomania except less than 4 days duration, other criteria met

B

247

Excited/elated, < 3 criterion B symptoms, other criteria met

B

243

Irritable, < 4 criterion B symptoms, other criteria met

C

43

Denying severe impairment, other criteria met

All subtypes

922

n = 10 excluded due to substance and medical condition induced

Depression

A

2379

 < 5 criterion A symptoms, other criteria met

B

816

Denying severe impairment or distress, other criteria met

All subtypes

3115

n = 80 excluded due to substance induced or other medical conditions

Panic

A

396

 < 4 criterion A symptoms, multiple panic attacks, other criteria met

B

996

Other criteria met

All subtypes

1347

n = 45 excluded due to substance or medical condition induced

Generalized Anxiety

B or D

455

Not difficult to control worry OR denying distress, other criteria met

C

1510

 < 3 criterion C symptoms, other criteria met

All subtypes

1904

n = 61 excluded due to substance or medical condition induced

Specific Phobia

B

177

For all subtypes only the single criterion was not met

C

85

 

D

1196

 

E

734

 

F

1458

 

All subtypes

3587

n = 63 excluded due to substance or medical condition induced

Social Anxiety

B

115

For all subtypes only the single criterion was not met

C

361

 

D

81

 

E

386

 

F

355

 

G

322

 

All subtypes

1554

n = 66 excluded due to substance or medical condition induced

Agoraphobia

B

129

For all subtypes only the single criterion was not met

C

135

 

D

27

 

E

207

 

F

280

 

G

69

 

All subtypes

781

n = 66 excluded due to substance or medical condition induced

Posttraumatic Stress

C

792

All but criteria F and G met

D

326

All but criteria F and G met

E

1973

All but criteria F and G met

F

1626

All but criterion G met

G

114

All other criteria met

All subtypes

4831

 

Anorexia

A

165

All other criteria met

B

53

All other criteria met

C

46

All other criteria met

A or B or C

238

Low weight with significant distress and dysfunction

All subtypes

502

 

Bulimia

B or C

19

Recurrent binging & purging, not fully meeting criteria B or C

D

18

Recurrent binging & purging & distress, denying weight / shape focus

B, C, or D

595

Recurrent binging & purging, not meeting full criteria B, C, and/or D

All subtypes

632

 

Binge eating

A2

1018

Significant binging over 3 months although not always lack of control

B

19

 < 3 criteria B symptoms, other criteria met

C

164

All other criteria met

B and C

113

Significant binging with loss of control, not fully meeting criteria B and C

All subtypes

1314

 

Schizotypal Personality

A

5273

3 or 4 criterion A symptoms with distress or dysfunction

C

2783

5 to 9 criterion A met, denying significant distress or dysfunction

All subtypes

8056

 

Borderline Personality

A

5402

3 or 4 criterion A symptoms with distress or dysfunction

C

1205

5 to 9 criterion A met, denying significant distress or dysfunction

All subtypes

6607

 

Antisocial Personality

A

7337

3 or 4 criterion A symptoms with distress or dysfunction

All subtypes

6683

n = 654 excluded due to substance and medical condition induced