Table 1 Study characteristics
Authors | Country | Aim | Sample size & characteristics | Data collection method | Analytic approach | CASP Score (max 10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clarke & Winsor (2010) [35] | Canada | Exploring the perceptions and needs of parents during a young person’s first psychiatric hospitalization | N = 10 Nature of relationship: 9 mothers,1 father M/F: 9/1 Age 40–59 | Semi-structured interviews | Morse & Field’s four processes | 8 |
Crisanti (2000) [28] | Canada | Examining mothers’ experiences with the involuntary hospitalization of their adult child with schizophrenia | N = 3 Nature of relationship: 3 mothers M/F: 0/3 Patient diagnosis: 3 schizophrenia Patient illness duration: 12–20 years | Semi-structured interviews | Phenomenology (VanKaam’s) | 8 |
Da Silva Andrade et al. (2016) [20] | Brazil | Examining the feelings of relatives of individuals admitted to a psychiatric emergency care unit | N = 20 M/F: 9/11 Age: 40–65 | Semi-structured interviews | Thematic content analysis (Bardin’s) | 8 |
Guimaraes et al. (2019) [51] | Brazil | Exploring the expectations of family members of alcoholics admitted to the Psychiatric Hospitalization Unit | N = 15 Nature of relationship: 4 mothers, 4 brothers, 2 sisters, 2 sons, 1 daughter, 1 grandfather, 1 son-in-law M/F: 8/7 Age: 25–73 –- Patient diagnosis: 15 alcohol use disorder | Semi-structured interviews | Phenomenological Sociology | 8 |
Hickman et al. (2016) [52] | UK | Examining the experiential impact of hospitalisation on the parents of young people with early psychosis | N = 6 Nature of relationship: 4 mothers and 2 fathers M/F: 4/2 –- Patient diagnosis: 6 psychosis | Semi-structured interviews | Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis | 9 |
Jagannathan et al. (2011) [34] | India | Exploring the needs of caregivers of inpatients with schizophrenia | N = 30 Nature of relationship: 21 parents, 4 siblings, 3 “other", 2 spouses M/F: 13/17 –- Patient diagnosis: 30 schizophrenia | Focus group discussions | “Iteration” | 8 |
Jankovic et al. (2011) [26] | UK | Examining family caregivers’ experience of the involuntary admission of their relative | N = 31 Nature of relationship: 16 parents, 7 partners, 4 siblings, 2 children, 1 grandmother, 1 “elderly relative” M/F: 12/19 Age: 18–59 Ethnicity: 21 White, 10 Asian, Black, or Mixed –- Patient diagnosis (on discharge): 8 schizophrenia, 6 bipolar disorder, 2 recurrent depressive disorder, 1 schizoaffective disorder, 1 “manic episode”, 1 borderline personality disorder, 1 “no mental illness on discharge”, 2 “unavailable” First hospitalisation: 12 | Semi-structured interviews | Thematic analysis | 9 |
Fernandes Moll et al. (2018) [53] | Brazil | Investigating the perceptions and expectations of family members/caregivers of psychiatric nursing care | N = 10 Nature of relationship: 50% parents M/F: 7/3 Average age: 58.8 –- Patient diagnosis: 6 schizophrenia, 3 depression, 1 drug abuse | Semi-structured interviews | Content analysis | 8 |
Park & Lee (2017) [54] | South Korea | Exploring Korean sibling caregivers’ experiences with siblings with schizophrenia that had been hospitalised in an inpatient psychiatric unit | N = 8 Nature of relationship: 8 siblings M/F: 3/5 Age: 20 s to 40 s –- Patient diagnosis: 3 schizophrenia | Semi-structured interviews, supplemented by field notes and memos | Descriptive Phenomenology (Colaizzi’s) | 8 |
Wilkinson & McAndrew (2008) [27] | UK | Examining carers’ perceptions of their level of involvement in acute inpatient care | N = 4 Nature of relationship: 2 mothers, 1 wife, 1 husband M/F: 1/3 –- Patient diagnosis: 2 paranoid schizophrenia, 1 depression, 1 bipolar disorder | In-depth interview | Hermeneutic Phenomenology (Heidegger’s) | 10 |
Wood et al. (2013) [55] | UK | Examining the extent to which carers are positioned as ‘outsiders’ in inpatient settings, and how ‘permeable’ hospitals are | N = 9 carers (and 1 staff) | Discussion groups and semi-structured interviews | Thematic analysis | 9 |
Wyder et al. (2018) [56] | Australia | Exploring the experiences of families of involuntary mental health admissions | N = 19 Nature of relationship: 9 mothers, 6 fathers, 3 partners, 1 sibling M/F: 7/12 –- Patient diagnosis: 6 schizophrenia, 4 psychotic illness, 4 drug-induced psychosis, 1 bipolar,1 organic brain disease | Semi-structured interviews, with 1 participant emailing in information | “General inductive approach” | 8 |