Sex differences in the experience of COVID-19 post-traumatic stress symptoms by adults in South Africa

BMC Psychiatry

Table 2 Gender differences in the PCL-C sub-scales re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal (N = 489)

PTSD criteria (DSM-IV)	Gender	N	Mean	Standard deviation	p-value
Re-experiencing	Females	309	11.35	5.46	< 0.001
Re-experiencing	Males	180	9.16	4.94	< 0.001
Avoidance	Females	309	16.66	6.82	< 0.001
Avoidance	Males	180	14.11	6.69	< 0.001
Hyperarousal	Females	309	13.13	5.32	< 0.001
Hyperarousal	Males	180	10.57	5.11	< 0.001
PCL-C total score	Females	309	41.15	15.72	< 0.001
PCL-C total score	Males	180	33.84	15.56	< 0.001

ISSN: 1471-244X