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Table 3 Average healthcare utilization and costs (PPPM) during follow-up period

From: Healthcare resource utilization and costs before and after long-acting injectable antipsychotic initiation in commercially insured young adults with schizophrenia

 

Period from index date to the end of F/U, among patients who initiated LAI after index date (N = 2222)

From index date to LAI initiation

From LAI initiation to end of F/U

P value

All-cause HCRU and costs

 Inpatient admission

  Number of admissions

0.231

0.119

< 0.0001

  Length of stay (days)

2.694

1.092

< 0.0001

  Costs

3562.78

1491.25

< 0.0001

 ER visit

  Number of visits

0.090

0.102

< 0.0001

  Costs

169.66

184.93

0.0002

 Other visit (e.g., Outpatient, SNF, OOV)

  Number of visits

4.459

4.687

< 0.0001

  Costs

854.41

858.55

< 0.0001

 Prescription medications

  Number of prescriptions

2.044

2.345

< 0.0001

  Costs

310.94

542.19

< 0.0001

 All-cause total medical costs (without medications)

4586.85

2534.73

< 0.0001

 All-cause total costs

4897.79

3077.92

< 0.0001

Mental health-related HCRU and costs

 Inpatient admission

  Number of admissions

0.201

0.098

< 0.0001

  Length of stay (days)

2.600

1.060

< 0.0001

  Costs

2582.16

1001.24

< 0.0001

 ER visit

  Number of visits

0.050

0.049

0.7425

  Costs

75.48

78.07

0.7465

 Other visit (e.g., Outpatient, SNF, OOV))

  Number of visits

2.050

1.980

0.5212

  Costs

485.50

458.06

0.5635

 Prescription medications

  Number of prescriptions

0.990

1.140

< 0.0001

  Costs

140.66

325.64

< 0.0001

 Total medical costs (without medications)

3143.14

1537.37

< 0.0001

 Total costs

3283.60

1863.01

< 0.0001

Schizophrenia-related HCRU and costs

 Inpatient admission

  Number of admissions

0.180

0.070

< 0.0001

  Length of stay (days)

2.576

0.954

< 0.0001

  Costs

2525.58

739.57

< 0.0001

 ER visit

  Number of visits

0.026

0.018

0.0045

  Costs

32.47

27.82

0.3096

 Other visit (e.g., Outpatient, SNF, OOV)

  Number of visits

1.190

1.120

0.3075

  Costs

261.16

209.94

0.0577

 Prescription medications

  Number of prescriptions

0.471

0.580

< 0.0001

  Costs

117.91

297.55

< 0.0001

 Total medical costs (without medications)

2819.21

977.34

< 0.0001

 Total costs

2937.12

1274.88

< 0.0001

  1. ER emergency room, HCRU healthcare resource utilization, F/U follow-up, LAI long-acting injectable, OOV other office visit, PPPM per patient per month, SNF skilled nursing facility
  2. Rate in PPPM is calculated as “number of events within the specific period” divided by “duration of the specific period in months” for a given patient
  3. PPPM cost is calculated as “total costs within specific period” divided by “duration of specific period in months” for a given patient
  4. SNF and OOV costs are included in the total cost
  5. Healthcare costs are adjusted for inflation using the medical care component of the US Consumer Price Index and reported in 2020 US dollars
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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