The association between community-level socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China

Table 3 Multilevel linear regressions of the association between community-level SES, individual-level SES, and their interaction and depressive symptoms, adjusting for covariates

Characteristics	Total			Urban			Rural
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1a	Model 2a	Model 3a	Model 1b	Model 2b	Model 3b
Community-level SES	-0.438***	-0.211***	-0.223***	-0.434***	-0.226***	-0.286***	-0.437***	-0.202*	-0.166
Individual-level SES		-0.490***	-0.612***		-0.427***	-0.742***		-0.539***	-0.549***
Community-level SES x Individual-level SES			0.126***			0.160***			0.141***
ICC	0.047	0.047	0.047	0.042	0.043	0.042	0.050	0.050	0.050
R ²
Individual-level R²	0.149	0.153	0.154	0.124	0.128	0.132	0.136	0.140	0.140
Community-level R²	0.109	0.113	0.114	0.096	0.101	0.104	0.114	0.119	0.119

SES socioeconomic status, ICC interclass correlation coefficient
Model 1: adjusted for community-level sociodemographic variables (distance to bus stop, days roads unpassable, handicapped access, employment service, old-age income subsidies) and individual-level sociodemographic variables (age, sex, residence, occupation, marital status, ADLs)
Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 criteria and individual-level SES
Model 3: adjusted for Model 2 criteria and the interaction between community-level and individual-level SES
*P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001

ISSN: 1471-244X