The relationship between online courses and mental health among Chinese children

BMC Psychiatry

Table 3 Association between characteristics of online courses and SDQ total difficulties score of children

Online courses	n	Crude model		Adjusted model^a
Online courses	n	β (95%CI)	P-value	β (95%CI)	P-value
Problems of online courses
No	314	ref	ref	ref	ref
Difficulty in understanding the content of online courses	169	3.56 (2.64, 4.48)	< 0.001	1.80 (0.89, 2.71)	< 0.001
Device or internet connection problems	19	1.45 (-0.83, 3.73)	0.212	0.689 (-1.41, 2.79)	0.521
Main type of online courses
Live courses	303	ref	ref	ref	ref
Video-recorded courses	164	1.28 (0.30, 2.26)	0.011	0.90 (0.01, 1.80)	0.049
E-learning material without video	48	0.34 (-1.24, 1.91)	0.676	0.254 (-1.17, 1.68)	0.727
Online courses time per day, hour
< = 4(less than or equal to median)	337	ref	ref	ref	ref
> 4(more than median)	178	0.64 (-0.30, 1.58)	0.184	0.95 (0.09, 1.81)	0.031

^aadjusting for region, parental educational level, family monthly income, children’s gender, children’s age, children’s screen time, children’s outdoor physical activity time, children’s academic performance, COVID-19 policy of restrictions for going out of housing community, frequency of children’s bad mood, and relationship between children and their parents

ISSN: 1471-244X