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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics

From: Insomnia disorders are associated with increased cardiometabolic disturbances and death risks from cardiovascular diseases in psychiatric patients treated with weight-gain-inducing psychotropic drugs: results from a Swiss cohort

 

Without insomnia disorders (N = 6290; 70%)

With insomnia disorders (N = 2664; 30%)

P-value

Age in years, Wmean (SD)

39 (16)

45 (17)

 < 10–4

Gender (women), N (%)

2921 (46)

1411 (53)

 < 10−3

Smokers (yes), N (%)

2976 (53)

1350 (55)

0.06

Psychiatric diagnosis a N (%):

  

 < 10–3

  Others

743 (17)

324 (16)

 

  Psychotic disorders

1641 (37)

625 (31)

 

  Schizoaffective disorders

359 (8)

264 (13)

 

  Bipolar disorders

753 (17)

390 (20)

 

  Depression

934 (21)

399 (20)

 

Risk of weight gain for psychotropic drugs b, N (%):

  

 < 10–3

  Low risk

1307 (21)

457 (17)

 

  Medium risk

3751 (59)

1569 (59)

 

  High risk

1230 (20)

638 (24)

 

BMI kg/m2, Wmean (SD)

25.5 (5.4)

25.9 (5.7)

0.001

WC cm, Wmean (SD)

91 (15)

93 (16)

 < 10–4

BP mmHG, Wmean (SD):

  Systolic

122 (16)

122 (16)

0.82

  Diastolic

79 (12)

79 (12)

0.56

FPG mmol/L, Wmean (SD)

5.03 (1.15)

5.22 (1.32)

 < 10–4

Plasma cholesterol, mmol/L, Wmean (SD):

  HDL

1.36 (0.41)

1.37 (0.43)

0.47

  LDL

2.80 (0.93)

2.86 (0.93)

0.08

  Triglycerides

1.44 (1.00)

1.41 (0.88)

0.31

  Total

4.83 (1.10)

4.87 (1.11)

0.23

  1. Analyses were conducted using chi2 and t-tests for clustered data. Significant P-value in bold
  2. aDiagnoses were based on the ICD-10 classification, and were classified as: others [F00-F19; F34-F99] | psychotic disorders [F20-F24; F28-F29] | schizoaffective disorders [F25] | bipolar disorders [F30-F31] | depression [F32-F33]
  3. bPsychotropic drugs were classified according to the risk of weight gain as follows: low risk: amisulpride, aripiprazole, chlorprothixene, flupentixol, haloperidol, lurasidone, sulpiride, tiapride, brexpiprazole; medium risk: asenapine, carbamazepine, amitriptyline, clomipramine, levomepromazine, lithium, mirtazapine, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, trimipramine, zuclopenthixol; high risk: clozapine, olanzapine, valproate. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, cm centimeter, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HDL high-density lipoprotein, kg/m2 kilogram per square meter, LDL low-density lipoprotein, mmHG millimeters of mercury, mmol/L millimoles per liter, N number, SD standard deviation, WC waist circumference, Wmean weighted mean