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Table 2 Risk of unemployment and homelessness (matched SCZ cohort versus non-SCZ cohort)

From: Unemployment, homelessness, and other societal outcomes in patients with schizophrenia: a real-world retrospective cohort study of the United States Veterans Health Administration database

 

Risk of unemployment

Risk of homelessness

 

Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)

Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)

SCZ (vs. non-SCZ cohort)

5.43 (5.29−5.57)

4.53 (4.40−4.67)

Age Group (vs. 65 and older)

  18–34

0.75 (0.71−0.78)

3.42 (3.25−3.59)

  35–44

0.50 (0.48−0.53)

3.25 (3.08−3.42)

  45–54

0.52 (0.50−0.54)

3.25 (3.11−3.39)

  55–64

0.75 (0.71−0.78)

2.57 (2.47−2.67)

Sex

 Male (vs. female)

0.93 (0.90−0.97)

1.26 (1.21−1.32)

 Race (vs. White)

–

–

 Black

1.17 (1.14−1.21)

2.44 (2.37−2.51)

 Other

0.97 (0.93−1.01)

1.01 (0.96−1.06)

US Geographic Region (vs. South)

 Midwest

1.03 (1.00−1.07)

1.19 (1.15−1.24)

 Northeast

0.99 (0.96−1.03)

1.29 (1.24−1.33)

 West

1.09 (1.06−1.13)

2.39 (2.31−2.48)

CCI (continuous)

1.13 (1.12−1.13)

0.97 (0.97−0.98)

Mental Health-Related Comorbidities (vs. none)

 PTSD

1.09 (1.05−1.13)

1.13 (1.09−1.17)

 Trauma

1.02 (0.94−1.11)

2.41 (2.23−2.61)

  Anxiety

1.01 (0.97−1.06)

1.21 (1.16−1.25)

  Substance use disorder

1.60 (1.56−1.65)

2.40 (2.34−2.46)

  Suicidal ideation and attempts

0.97 (0.89−1.06)

2.81 (2.65−2.98)

  1. CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, PTSD Posttraumatic stress disorder, SCZ Schizophrenia, CI Confidence interval