UN Region/sub-Region b[19] | Countries | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | % Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Africa | Namibia | 27.5 | 26.7 | 26.3 | 25.5 | 23.4 | 24.7 | 24.5 | 23.7 | 19.7 | 18.4 | 18.0 | 16.1 | 14.5 | 14.4 | 15.3 | 16.3 | 14.9 | 15.2 | 13.7 | 13.5 | −50.9% |
2 | Africa | Mozambique | 20.9 | 20.8 | 20.8 | 20.9 | 21.1 | 21.4 | 21.6 | 21.8 | 23.1 | 24.6 | 25.3 | 25.9 | 26.5 | 26.0 | 24.7 | 24.0 | 23.4 | 23.1 | 23.2 | 23.2 | 10.9% |
3 | Africa | Zambia | 24.0 | 22.7 | 22.3 | 21.5 | 22.5 | 22.1 | 21.8 | 19.8 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 19.7 | 19.8 | 18.5 | 17.9 | 17.7 | 17.3 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 15.9 | 14.4 | −40.0% |
4 | Africa | Cameroon | 19.1 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 19.4 | 20.6 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 20.1 | 20.0 | 19.5 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 18.7 | 17.9 | 17.1 | 16.6 | 16.2 | 15.9 | 15.9 | −16.7% |
5 | Africa | Chad | 15.7 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 15.6 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 15.9 | 15.6 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 14.0 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.6 | 13.2 | −15.8% |
6 | Africa | DR Congo | 14.5 | 14.4 | 14.2 | 14.4 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 13.9 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 13.3 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 12.6 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.4 | 12.4 | −14.4% |
7 | Africa | Central African Republic | 32.5 | 30.7 | 30.4 | 29.1 | 28.1 | 27.2 | 28.1 | 27.7 | 27.3 | 28.5 | 28.1 | 27.6 | 26.6 | 27.0 | 27.6 | 26.3 | 25.3 | 25.7 | 23.7 | 23.0 | −29.4% |
8 | Africa | Rwanda | 25.6 | 23.0 | 20.7 | 18.4 | 16.2 | 15.0 | 14.3 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.5 | − 63.0% |
9 | Africa | Botswana | 46.3 | 44.7 | 42.2 | 40.3 | 40.9 | 43.4 | 40.9 | 37.5 | 36.1 | 32.1 | 31.2 | 29.1 | 29.0 | 27.8 | 25.4 | 24.6 | 22.9 | 22.3 | 22.1 | 20.2 | − 56.3% |
10 | Caribbean | Belize | 10.0 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.8 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 7.7 | −23.6% |
11 | Caribbean | Trinidad and Tobago | 16.2 | 16.1 | 14.9 | 12.9 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 12.8 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 8.5 | 8.3 | −48.9% |
12 | Caribbean | Barbados | 2.6 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | − 88.1% |
13 | Oceania | Fiji | 11.7 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 10.5 | 10.0 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.5 | −18.6% |
14 | Oceania | Kiribati | 35.6 | 35.3 | 34.5 | 32.5 | 32.0 | 32.5 | 31.5 | 32.8 | 33.5 | 33.0 | 32.7 | 32.9 | 32.0 | 32.3 | 31.6 | 31.6 | 31.4 | 31.5 | 30.3 | 30.6 | −14.3% |
15 | Asia | Maldives | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.8 | −47.9% |
16 | Asia | Afghanistan | 7.7 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.0 | −22.7% |
17 | Asia | Oman | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.5 | −33.4% |
18 | Asia | Indonesia | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | −32.7% |
19 | Asia | Thailand | 11.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.0 | − 31.4% |
20 | Asia | Bahrain | 7.0 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 2.3% |
Mean score | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard Error | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Global | Global | 14.0 | 13.4 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.0 | −36.1% |