Body Mass Index and risk for onset of mood and anxiety disorders in the general population: Results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2)

Table 2 Onset of mood and anxiety disorder at follow-up in total and across specific BMI group at baseline (N = 4,555), in weighted percentages and adjusted odds ratios

n (%)	N at risk	N onset	%	Adj OR ^a	Adj OR ^b	Adj OR ^c
3-year onset of mental disorders
Onset of any mood or anxiety disorder	4555	385	9.2
BMI
Underweight	74	5	6.0	.42 [.15,1.16]	.39 [.14,1.11]	.43 [.15,1.27]
Normal	2387	214	9.6	Ref	Ref	Ref
Overweight	1541	107	7.3	.98 [.69,1.38]	.93 [.67,1.28]	.95 [.68,1.32]
Obese	553	59	12.7	1.68 [1.07,2.65]	1.57 [1.02,2.42]	1.71 [1.11,2.62]
P for trend				*.003*	*.005*	*.003*
Onset of any mood disorder	4953	305	6.8
BMI
Underweight	79	5	7.9	.91 [.30, 2.73]	.84 [.27, 2.57]	.80 [.30, 2.19]
Normal	2609	164	6.5	Ref	Ref	Ref
Overweight	1664	88	6.5	1.24 [.85, 1.80]	1.17 [.84, 1.64]	1.12 [.82, 1.53]
Obese	601	48	8.5	1.56 [1.05,2.33]	1.43 [.97,2.11]	1.46 [1.02,2.09]
P for trend				*.005*	*.017*	*.020*
Any anxiety disorder	400	65	18.2			2.92 [1.93, 4.42]
Any substance use disorder	188	24	12.3			1.69 [.84, 3.41]
Onset of any anxiety disorder	4731	252	6.0
BMI
Underweight	79	4	5.1	.52 [.16,1.73]	.47 [.14,1.63]	.44 [.11,1.83]
Normal	2483	142	6.5	Ref	Ref	Ref
Overweight	1595	66	4.1	.84 [.55,1.28]	.80 [.52,1.22]	.89 [.56,1.43]
Obese	574	40	9.0	1.81 [1.04,3.15]	1.71 [.99,2.93]	1.86 [1.03,3.37]
P for trend				*.013*	*.019*	*.008*
Any mood disorder	175	38	19.9			2.42 [1.47, 3.98]
Any substance use disorder	172	19	13.1			1.58 [.73, 3.40]

Onset refers to first-incidence or recurrence of a mood or anxiety disorder
^a adjusted for gender, age
^b adjusted for model 1 and for education, ethnicity, job status, living situation
^c adjusted for model 2 and for smoking status, physical activity, psychotropic medication use, physical disorder, baseline 12-month other psychopathology
Ref Reference category
Bold: Significant OR at the 0.05 level, 2-sided test

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