Table 1 Recommended competencies required for ADHD specialist in diagnosis, treatment initiation, and medication monitoring, as discussed by the consensus group, based on NICE guideline (2008)
Role | Key competencies |
|---|---|
Diagnosis | • Understand normal patterns of development and behaviour. • Differentiate ADHD from normal development and from other mental health disorders (including other neurodevelopmental disorders). • Consider family and social factors. • Evaluate contribution from other medical conditions (e.g., epilepsy). • Evaluate contribution of comorbid mental health conditions. • Consider contextual factors or behaviours which impact on symptoms, impairment, risk, or choice of treatment. |
Treatment and monitoring of medication | • Understand pharmacology of medications used in ADHD • Be familiar with widely used preparations: their form, indications, posology, contraindications, special warnings and precautions, interactions (including non-prescription drugs), use in special groups (e.g., pregnancy), adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, risks if used incorrectly, licensing status and costs. • Understand the effect of ADHD medications on comorbid conditions (e.g., mania, psychosis). • Assess for cautions or contraindications for each drug. • Tailor treatment effectively to individual needs (e.g., fine tuning of dose and timing). • Risk assess for drug misuse and diversion. • Monitor and respond to changes in weight, heart rate and blood pressure; how and when to refer to cardiology, or other relevant specialists. |
Psychoeducation | • Understanding symptoms and links to impairment in daily life • Understand strategies or coping mechanisms for the management of ADHD symptoms in daily life |