Fig. 2

Latent class mixed modeling (lcmm). a) Distribution of observations of mental health (MHI-5) scores is supported strictly on interval from 0 to 100 and negatively skewed, suggesting re-scaled Beta distribution for the lcmm link function. b) Estimated latent trajectories from a 3-class lcmm model predicting MHI-5 scores with a degree 5 polynomial expansion of time, plus age and sex. The class memberships were further modeled with specific potentially traumatic events and living alone (Table 3; see Supplementary Material for a full set of numeric estimates). We named the latent classes “early resilience, deteriorating” (class 1), “early shock, improving” (class 2), and “stable mental health” (class 3, reference class)