Table 2 Specific information of related models and steps (hypotheses 3–4)

NSSI engagement among males

Model 3 M

Stressful life events + OSS + Demographic variables (Age、only child、parents’ marital status)

Model 4 M

Stressful life events + OSS + Punishments * OSS + Demographic variables

Model 5 M

Stressful life events + OSS + Learning pressures * OSS + Demographic variables

Model 6 M

Stressful life events + OSS + Loss * OSS + Demographic variables

Model 7 M

Stressful life events + OSS + Interpersonal relationship * OSS + Demographic variables

Model 8 M

Stressful life events + OSS + Adaption * OSS + Demographic variables

NSSI engagement among females

Model 3F - 8F

Same procedure as above