Table 5 Odd ratios (OR) and Cohen D (d) of the interaction terms used to assess the moderating role of sex in predicting the impact of mental health problems at baseline on depression and anxiety at T2 and T3

Models with depression as an outcome

High depressive symptoms T2

High depressive symptoms T3

Diagnosis of depression disorder T3

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Psychosomatic symptoms x sex

.98 (.93-1.04)

1.01 (.96-1.07)

1.03 (.92-1.15)

Somatic symptoms x sex

1.08 (.90-1.29)

1.13 (.95-1.34)

1.12 (.79-1.58)

Musculoskeletal symptoms x sex

.95 (.81-1.12)

.97 (.82-1.14)

1.15 (.83-1.59)

Psychological symptoms x sex

.90 (.74-1.09)

1.09 (.90-1.33)

.91 (.61-1.35)

Models with anxiety as outcome

High anxiety symptoms T2

High anxiety symptoms T3

Diagnosis of anxiety disorder T3

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Psychosomatic symptoms x sex

.97 (.90-1.05)

.98 (.92-1.05)

.98 (.86-1.11)

Somatic symptoms x sex

1.06 (.83-1.36)

1.08 (.87-1.35)

.86 (57-1.28)

Musculoskeletal symptoms x sex

.98 (.78-1.22)

.93 (.77-1.13)

1.03 (.71-1.50)

Psychological symptoms x sex

.81 (.62-1.04)

1.02 (.73-1.17)

.94 (.62-1.44)