Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the subjects according to gender and whether they were or were not followed up
Characteristics | Mean (± SD) or Frequencies (%) | p value Followed vs. Not followed | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Male | Female | Followed | Not followed | ||
Age (years) | 53.9 (± 12.9) | 55.2 (± 12.5) | 46.2 (± 13.0) | 54.2 (± 13.1) | 52.9 (± 12.2) | 0.322 |
Female | 94 (14.8%) | – | – | 79 (15.4%) | 15 (12.0%) | 0.332 |
Age at first drink (years) | 17.5 (± 3.7) | 17.3 (± 3.3) | 18.7 (± 5.2) | 17.5 (± 3.8) | 17.2 (± 3.2) | 0.336 |
Age at start of habitual drinking (years) | 24.2 (± 8.5) | 23.8 (± 8.0) | 26.9 (± 10.0) | 24.1 (± 8.1) | 24.7 (± 9.9) | 0.481 |
Average alcohol consumption per time (g) | 124.7 (± 115.5) | 127.3 (± 118.0) | 108.1 (± 97.7) | 122.9 (± 103.8) | 132.3 ± (156.4) | 0.447 |
Daily heavy drinking (more than 60 g) | 395 (70.4%) | 342 (71.0%) | 53 (67.1%) | 317 (70.0%) | 78 (72.2%) | 0.974 |
Alcohol dependence (ICD-10) | 589 (96.1%) | 509 (96.4%) | 80 (94.1%) | 472 (96.1%) | 117 (95.9%) | 0.907 |
History of alcohol treatment | 286 (45.4%) | 233 (43.4%) | 53 (57.0%) | 234 (46.3%) | 52 (41.6%) | 0.267 |
History of attending self-help groups | 123 (20.4%) | 95 (18.3%) | 28 (32.9%) | 103 (21.3%) | 20 (16.5%) | 0.268 |
Family history of alcohol dependence | 169 (27.4%) | 152 (28.8%) | 17 (19.1%) | 137 (27.7%) | 32 (26.0%) | 0.507 |
Smoking | 479 (77.0%) | 419 (79.2%) | 60 (64.5%) | 385 (77.3%) | 94 (75.8%) | 0.414 |
Current depressive episode (M.I.N.I.) | 88 (16.2%) | 75 (16.1%) | 13 (16.9%) | 69 (15.6%) | 19 (19.0%) | 0.407 |
Anxiety disorder (M.I.N.I.) | 100 (18.4%) | 76 (16.3%) | 24 (31.2%) | 84 (19.0%) | 16 (16.0%) | 0.490 |
Manic episode (M.I.N.I.) | 35 (6.5%) | 26 (5.6%) | 9 (11.7%) | 27 (6.1%) | 8 (8.0%) | 0.487 |
Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) | 45.7 (± 9.8) | 45.2 (± 9.7) | 47.8 (± 10.0) | 45.4 (± 9.8) | 46.6 (± 10.0) | 0.300 |
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) | 8.9 (± 9.4) | 8.5 (± 9.1) | 10.9 (± 10.5) | 8.7 (± 9.5) | 9.7 (± 9.0) | 0.370 |
ASD traits (AQ) | 29 (5.9%) | 23 (5.6%) | 6 (7.5%) | 22 (5.5%) | 7 (7.7%) | 0.427 |
ADHD traits (ASRS part A) | 88 (17.1%) | 71 (16.6%) | 17 (20.0%) | 69 (16.4%) | 19 (20.4%) | 0.349 |
Total ASRS score (ASRS part A and B) | 25.3 (± 8.9) | 24.9 (± 8.6) | 27.3 (± 10.3) | 25.2 (± 8.9) | 25.7 (± 8.7) | 0.641 |
Attention-deficit (SSAGA-II) | 115 (21.1%) | 96 (20.6%) | 19 (24.4%) | 86 (19.5%) | 29 (28.2%) | 0.051 |
Hyperactivity/Impulsivity (SSAGA-II) | 102 (18.8%) | 96 (20.6%) | 6 (7.8%) | 83 (18.9%) | 19 (18.4%) | 0.922 |