Table 1 Description of the assessment instruments
Point of application | Number of items | Scoring range | Scoring | Explanation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 10 | 0-30 | > 12 considered as cut-off | Developed for detection of symptoms of psychosocial distress during pregnancy and in the postnatal period | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 7 | 0-21 | > 8 considered as cut-off, scores of 0-4, 5-9, 10-14 and 15-21 represents minimal, mild, moderate and severe anxiety respectively | Instrument that measures generalized anxiety disorder | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 10 | 0-27 | A score of 10 or above indicates major depression, and scores of 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19 and 20-27 represents minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression respectively | The instrument can help to diagnose depression as well as measure th severity. Both the PHQ-9 and EPDS are reliable and valid scales for assessment of depression during perinatal period whereas PHQ-9 captures somatic symptoms, while EPDS detects depressive symptoms comorbid with anxiety | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 28 | 28-112 | No cut-off point for total and subscales, higher scores indicate increased utilization of the specific coping strategy | The scales of the Brief-COPE help to asses’ behaviors of people against stress, included suppression of competing activities, planning, positive reframing, acceptance, humor, religion, using emotional support, using instrumental support, self-distraction (mental disengagement), denial, venting, substance use, behavioral disengagement, restraint coping | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 9 | 0-21 | The global score > 5 indicates poor sleep quality and higher scores indicate worse sleep quality | Combined to form seven component scores including; subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The seven component scores are then added to yield one global score | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 7 | 7-35 | Scoring is kept continuous. Higher scores indicate higher levels of relationship satisfaction | Used to assess subjective satisfaction with a given relationship | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 12 | 0-100 | Range between 0 and 100 where 0 = no disability 100 = full disability, higher scores indicate higher disability of loss of function | It was used to measure disability and functional impairment. The questionnaire covers six domains of functioning: cognition (understanding and communication), mobility, self-care, getting along with others, life activities (work and household roles), and participation in society | |
At baseline and 4-6 weeks post-intervention | 12 | 12-84 | No cut-off point for total and subscales, higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived social support | This scale was developed to measure perceived social support from family, friends, and significant other |