Table 3 Depression and sleep quality by characteristics of the participants (n = 159)

Age (year)

 < 29

24.09 ± 4.65

0.47 (0.626)

4.77 ± 2.97

0.68 (0.506)

30 ~ 49

23.65 ± 5.73

4.34 ± 3.37

 ≥ 50

22.14 ± 6.67

5.57 ± 3.87

Sex

Female

23.95 ± 5.31

0.62 (0.535)

4.62 ± 3.25

0.24 (0.813)

Male

23.39 ± 5.34

4.49 ± 3.17

Religion

No

24.38 ± 5.47

2.31 (0.022)

5.04 ± 3.32

3.30 (0.001)

Yes

22.24 ± 4.58

3.40 ± 2.61

Job

No

24.22 ± 5.66

0.53 (0.597)

4.72 ± 3.27

0.27 (0.784)

Yes

23.66 ± 5.23

4.54 ± 3.22

Duration of disease (year)

 < 10

23.62 ± 5.84

-0.48 (0.634)

5.00 ± 3.44

2.00 (0.047)

 ≥ 10

24.03 ± 4.54

4.00 ± 2.83

Complication

No

23.70 ± 5.07

-0.30 (0.768)

4.24 ± 2.89

-2.09 (0.042)

Yes

24.00 ± 6.10

5.70 ± 3.95

Education of diabetes

No

26.27 ± 3.61

1.93 (0.056)

4.40 ± 2.20

-0.23 (0.822)

Yes

23.51 ± 5.40

4.60 ± 3.31

Experience of diabetes camp

No

24.27 ± 5.53

2.22 (0.029)

4.89 ± 3.28

2.05 (0.042)

Yes

22.38 ± 4.41

3.71 ± 2.91

Source of diabetes information

Personal

23.93 ± 5.30

0.64 (0.521)

4.72 ± 3.23

0.98 (0.328)

Expert

23.29 ± 5.36

4.13 ± 3.16

HbA1c (%)

 < 6.5

23.58 ± 5.56

1.55 (0.215)

4.70 ± 3.39

2.18 (0.117)

6.5 ~ 7.9

23.11 ± 5.00

3.98 ± 2.74

 ≥ 8.0

24.89 ± 5.38

5.26 ± 3.53

Resilience

Low^a

26.16 ± 5.38

13.12 (< 0.001)

5.50 ± 3.04

6.97 (0.001)

Moderate^b

22.57 ± 5.27

a > b, c

4.42 ± 3.50

a > b, c

High^c

21.30 ± 2.69

2.97 ± 2.14