Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 8289 included participants according to incident depressive symptoms
Variables | Total (N = 8289) | Depressive symptoms | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No (N = 6904) | Yes (N = 1385) | |||
Age (years, Mean ± SD) | 68.6 ± 7.0 | 68.3 ± 6.8 | 69.7 ± 7.3 | < 0.01 |
Gender (N, %) | < 0.01 | |||
Male | 4174 (50.4) | 3549 (51.4) | 625 (45.1) | |
Female | 4115 (49.6) | 3355 (48.6) | 760 (54.9) | |
Race (N, %) | < 0.01 | |||
Han ethnicity | 8060 (97.2) | 6732 (97.5) | 1328 (95.9) | |
Minority | 229 (2.8) | 172 (2.5) | 57 (4.1) | |
Education level (N, %) | 0.12 | |||
Lower than primary | 3792 (45.8) | 3122 (45.2) | 670 (48.4) | |
Primary | 3714 (44.8) | 3113 (45.1) | 601 (43.4) | |
Junior middle | 662 (8.0) | 562 (8.1) | 100 (7.2) | |
Senior middle | 104 (1.3) | 93 (1.3) | 11 (0.8) | |
College and above | 14 (0.2) | 12 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | |
Marital status (N, %) | < 0.01 | |||
Single | 122 (1.5) | 98 (1.4) | 24 (1.7) | |
Married | 6538 (79.1) | 5515 (80.1) | 1023 (74.0) | |
Divorced/widowed | 1609 (19.5) | 1273 (18.5) | 336 (24.3) | |
Family income (N, %) | < 0.01 | |||
≤ 10,000 CNY/year | 2619 (31.6) | 2161 (31.3) | 458 (33.1) | |
10,001–20,000 CNY/year | 1637 (19.8) | 1362 (19.7) | 275 (19.9) | |
20,001–50,000 CNY/year | 2125 (25.7) | 1718 (24.9) | 407 (29.5) | |
50,001–100,000 CNY/year | 1068 (12.9) | 922 (13.4) | 146 (10.6) | |
> 100,000 CNY/year | 830 (10.0) | 734 (10.6) | 96 (6.9) | |
BMI (N, %) | 0.17 | |||
< 18.5 kg/m2 | 420 (5.1) | 339 (4.9) | 81 (5.9) | |
18.5 ~ < 24 kg/m2 | 4537 (55.0) | 3802 (55.4) | 735 (53.1) | |
≥ 24 kg/m2 | 3289 (39.9) | 2721 (39.7) | 568 (41.0) | |
Hypertension (Presence, N, %) | 3594 (43.4) | 2894 (41.9) | 700 (50.5) | < 0.01 |
Diabetes (Presence, N, %) | 707 (8.5) | 538 (7.8) | 169 (12.2) | < 0.01 |
CHD (Presence, N, %) | 245 (3.0) | 191 (2.8) | 54 (3.9) | 0.02 |
Smoking (N, %) | < 0.01 | |||
Never | 5668 (68.4) | 4649 (67.3) | 1019 (73.6) | |
Past | 1793 (21.6) | 1551 (22.5) | 242 (17.5) | |
Current | 828 (10.0) | 704 (10.2) | 124 (9.0) | |
Alcohol drinking (N, %) | < 0.01 | |||
Never | 2300 (27.7) | 1984 (28.7) | 316 (22.8) | |
Past | 648 (7.8) | 520 (7.5) | 128 (9.2) | |
Current | 5341 (64.4) | 4400 (63.7) | 941 (67.9) | |
Exercise (yes, N, %) | 1642 (19.8) | 1314 (19.0) | 328 (23.7) | < 0.01 |
Tea drinking (yes, N, %) | 2130 (25.7) | 1801 (26.1) | 329 (23.8) | 0.07 |
Vegetable intake (≥7 days/week, N, %) | 6671 (80.5) | 5587 (80.9) | 1084 (78.3) | 0.02 |
Fruit intake (≥3 days/week, N, %) | 3257 (39.3) | 2803 (40.6) | 454 (32.8) | < 0.01 |
Red meat intake (≥3 days/week, N, %) | 4147 (50.0) | 3528 (51.1) | 619 (44.7) | < 0.01 |
Fish intake (≥3 days/week, N, %) | 3214 (38.8) | 2497 (36.2) | 717 (51.8) | < 0.01 |