Prevalence and economic burden of depression and anxiety symptoms among Singaporean adults: results from a 2022 web panel

Table 3 Per Capita and Total Costs of Depression and Anxiety (SGD $)

Cost Category	Per Capita Costs^c	Total Costs^c	% Share of Total Cost
Healthcare^a	1050 (3030)	$ 662,923,380	4.2%
Absenteeism^b	4980 (9910)	$ 2,225,761,200	14.2%
Presenteeism^b	28,720 (29,880)	$ 12,836,116,800	81.6%
Total	33,600 (35,660)	$ 15,724,801,380	100%

^aHealthcare costs per capita are assumed to be identical for employed and unemployed individuals. ^bAbsenteeism and presenteeism costs are limited to individuals that are employed full-time or part-time. cTotal costs average per capita annual costs are provided for employed adults and total economic costs include employed and unemployed individuals

ISSN: 1471-244X