Table 4 Risk of bias of non-rcts examining psychosocial treatments of nightmares
From: Psychosocial treatments for nightmares in adults and children: a systematic review
Author (year) | Participant Selection | Confounds | Blinding | Selective Reporting | Data sampling |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balliett et al [69] | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Low |
Berlin et al [70] | Low | High | Unclear | High | Unclear |
Bishop et al [71] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low |
Cavera et al [72] | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Criswell et al [73] | High | High | High | Unclear | Low |
Davis & Wright [74] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Davis et al [75] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Eakman et al [76] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | High | Unclear |
Ellis et al [77] | Unclear | High | Unclear | High | Low |
Fernandez et al [78] | Low | High | High | Low | High |
Gellis & Gehrman [79] | Low | High | Unclear | Low | Low |
Germain & Nielsen [80] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | High | Low |
Germain et al [81] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear |
Grandi et al [82] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low |
Harb et al [83] | Low | High | Unclear | Unclear | Low |
Harb et al [84] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Hauri et al [85] | Unclear | High | Unclear | High | High |
Kovacevic & Davis [86] | Low | Unclear | Low | Low | Unclear |
Krakow et al [87] | Low | High | Unclear | Low | Unclear |
Linden et al [88] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | High | High |
Long et al [89] | Low | High | High | Low | Low |
Lu et al [90] | Low | High | High | Low | Low |
McNamara et al [91] | High | High | Unclear | High | Low |
Miller et al [92] | Low | High | Low | Low | Low |
Moore & Krakow [93] | Low | High | High | Low | Low |
Nappi et al [94] | Low | High | High | Low | Low |
Peirce [95] | Low | High | High | Unclear | High |
Sheaves et al [96] | Low | Unclear | High | Low | Unclear |
Simbard & Nielsen [68] | Low | Low | High | Unclear | Low |
Spoormaker et al [97] | Low | Unclear | Unclear | High | High |
Tufnell [98] | High | High | High | High | High |
Wanner et al [99] | Low | High | High | Low | Unclear |
White [100] | High | Unclear | High | High | High |
Woo [76] | Low | Unclear | High | High | High |