Sleep characteristics and inflammatory markers in women with post-traumatic stress disorder

BMC Psychiatry

Table 4 Comparison of dichotomized total sleep time, slow wave sleep % and arousal index, and inflammatory markers at baseline and one-year follow-up

Total Sleep Time		TST < 6 h	TST > 6 h	p	p1
IL-1β	T1	1.25 ± 0.54	1.23 ± 0.70	0.30	0.39
IL-1β	T2	1.91 ± 0.93	1.67 ± 0.62	0.30	0.39
IL-6	T1	1.60 ± 1.17	1.52 ± 1.48	0.70	0.07
IL-6	T2	1.89 ± 2.26	1.97 ± 2.03	0.70	0.07
TNF-α	T1	6.86 ± 3.67	6.72 ± 3.60	0.14	0.47
TNF-α	T2	10.40 ± 10.54	12.77 ± 9.68	0.14	0.47
CRP	T1	0.16 ± 0.23	0.28 ± 0.54	0.91	< 0.001
CRP	T2	2.18 ± 2.88	3.34 ± 23.04	0.91	< 0.001
Slow-Wave Sleep %		N3% < 20	N3% > 20	p	p1
IL-1β	T1	1.64 ± 0.70	1.18 ± 0.46	0.24	0.019
IL-1β	T2	1.87 ± 0.85	1.26 ± 0.54	0.24	0.019
IL-6	T1	1.73 ± 1.64	1.87 ± 2.65	0.30	0.17
IL-6	T2	2.03 ± 2.10	2.44 ± 0.78	0.30	0.17
TNF-α	T1	6.73 ± 2.90	7.23 ± 4.68	0.67	0.018
TNF-α	T2	11.63 ± 5.99	11.54 ± 3.67	0.67	0.018
CRP	T1	0.28 ± 4.13	0.11 ± 0.07	0.01	0.06
CRP	T2	2.95 ± 2.65	0.23 ± 0.31	0.01	0.06
Arousal Index		AI < 10	AI > 10	p	p1
IL-1β	T1	1.27 ± 0.62	1.20 ± 0.62	0.74	0.31
IL-1β	T2	1.79 ± 0.85	1.81 ± 0.78	0.74	0.31
IL-6	T1	1.38 ± 0.70	1.78 ± 1.79	0.96	0.08
IL-6	T2	2.11 ± 2.03	1.61 ± 1.87	0.96	0.08
TNF-α	T1	6.79 ± 3.67	6.81 ± 3.67	0.54	0.22
TNF-α	T2	11.14 ± 9.40	12.30 ± 11.70	0.54	0.22
CRP	T1	0.21 ± 0.31	0.19 ± 0.46	0.27	0.12
CRP	T2	3.16 ± 2.57	1.94 ± 3.67	0.27	0.12

GEE model, p and p1 = < 0.05
Abbreviations: IL-1β = Interleukin 1β; IL-6 = Interleukin 6; TNF-α = Tumor necrosis factor α; CRP = C-reactive protein; TST = Total sleep time; N3% = N3 sleep percentage; AI = Arousal Index; GEE = Generalized estimating equation; p = p-value; p1 = p adjusted for BMI, BDI and CAPS-5; T1 = baseline, T2 = one year follow-up

ISSN: 1471-244X