Association between academic pressure, NR3C1 gene methylation, and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a nested case-control study

Hua, Yilin; Huang, Cuihong; Guo, Yangfeng; Du, Xueying; Guo, Liling; Wang, Wanxin; Lu, Ciyong; Guo, Lan

doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04816-7

Table 4 Associations between academic pressure and NR3C1 DNA methylation level

From: Association between academic pressure, NR3C1 gene methylation, and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a nested case-control study

CpG unit	Baseline academic pressure (Ref.= mild academic pressure)
	Moderate academic pressure				Heavy academic pressure
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 1		Model 2
	β estimate (95% CI)	P -value ^*	β estimate (95% CI)	P -value ^*	β estimate (95% CI)	P -value ^*	β estimate (95% CI)	P -value ^*
NR3C1-10 CpG 1	0.007 (-0.003 ~ 0.016)	0.158	0.008 (-0.001 ~ 0.018)	0.080	0.000 (-0.009 ~ 0.009)	0.977	0.003 (-0.006 ~ 0.013)	0.488
NR3C1-10 CpG 2	0.008 (-0.004 ~ 0.021)	0.197	0.009 (-0.003 ~ 0.022)	0.145	0.011 (-0.002 ~ 0.023)	0.098	-0.010 (-0.023 ~ 0.003)	0.122
NR3C1-10 CpG 3.4.5	0.009 (-0.002 ~ 0.020)	0.111	0.009 (-0.002 ~ 0.021)	0.105	0.006 (-0.005 ~ 0.016)	0.280	0.006 (-0.005 ~ 0.018)	0.277
NR3C1-10 CpG 6.7.8	0.008 (-0.004 ~ 0.021)	0.196	0.009 (-0.004 ~ 0.021)	0.179	0.006 (-0.006 ~ 0.018)	0.296	0.010 (-0.003 ~ 0.022)	0.141
NR3C1-10 CpG 9.10.11	0.006 (-0.006 ~ 0.018)	0.337	0.008 (-0.005 ~ 0.020)	0.215	0.003 (-0.009 ~ 0.015)	0.623	-0.001 (-0.013 ~ 0.011)	0.866
NR3C1-10 CpG 12.13	0.003 (-0.010 ~ 0.015)	0.697	0.001 (-0.012 ~ 0.013)	0.922	0.004 (-0.008 ~ 0.016)	0.468	0.001 (-0.012 ~ 0.014)	0.846
NR3C1-10 CpG 14	NA		NA		NA		NA
NR3C1-10 CpG 15.16.17	0.004 (-0.006 ~ 0.015)	0.653	0.005 (-0.006 ~ 0.015)	0.404	-0.003 (-0.012 ~ 0.007)	0.597	0.002 (-0.009 ~ 0.013)	0.723
NR3C1-10 CpG 18.19.20	0.031 (0.002 ~ 0.060)	0.035	0.032 (0.002 ~ 0.062)	0.035	0.007 (-0.020 ~ 0.035)	0.599	0.004 (-0.026 ~ 0.034)	0.798
NR3C1-10 CpG 21	-0.001 (-0.048 ~ 0.046)	0.968	-0.004 (-0.051 ~ 0.044)	0.878	-0.018 (-0.063 ~ 0.026)	0.417	-0.032 (-0.080 ~ 0.016)	0.190
NR3C1-10 CpG 22.23.24	0.008 (-0.017 ~ 0.034)	0.516	0.011 (-0.015 ~ 0.037)	0.405	0.000 (-0.024 ~ 0.025)	0.972	-0.007 (-0.033 ~ 0.019)	0.609
NR3C1-10 CpG 25.26	0.005 (-0.011 ~ 0.021)	0.554	0.001 (-0.015 ~ 0.017)	0.906	0.002 (-0.013 ~ 0.017)	0.797	0.003 (-0.013 ~ 0.019)	0.730
NR3C1-10 CpG 27.28	0.005 (-0.011 ~ 0.021)	0.554	0.001 (-0.015 ~ 0.017)	0.906	0.002 (-0.013 ~ 0.017)	0.797	0.003 (-0.013 ~ 0.019)	0.730
NR3C1-10 CpG 29	-0.007 (-0.024 ~ 0.011)	0.458	-0.006 (-0.023 ~ 0.012)	0.543	0.004 (-0.013 ~ 0.021)	0.674	0.008 (-0.009 ~ 0.026)	0.353
NR3C1-16 CpG 1	-0.003 (-0.021 ~ 0.015)	0.745	-0.005 (-0.024 ~ 0.013)	0.565	-0.009 (-0.026 ~ 0.009)	0.331	-0.007 (-0.026 ~ 0.011)	0.435
NR3C1-16 CpG 2	-0.124 (-0.315 ~ 0.066)	0.201	-0.115 (-0.339 ~ 0.108)	0.313	0.033 (-0.181 ~ 0.247)	0.763	0.239 (-0.024 ~ 0.502)	0.075
NR3C1-16 CpG 3	-0.003 (-0.046 ~ 0.040)	0.898	0.001 (-0.042 ~ 0.043)	0.982	-0.001 (-0.042 ~ 0.040)	0.963	0.010 (-0.032 ~ 0.053)	0.636
NR3C1-16 CpG 4	0.011 (-0.003 ~ 0.026)	0.113	0.008 (-0.007 ~ 0.022)	0.304	0.008 (-0.005 ~ 0.022)	0.229	0.005 (-0.009 ~ 0.020)	0.470
NR3C1-16 CpG 5	-0.005 (-0.042 ~ 0.033)	0.808	-0.007 (-0.045 ~ 0.031)	0.711	0.009 (-0.027 ~ 0.044)	0.623	0.011 (-0.027 ~ 0.049)	0.570
NR3C1-16 CpG 6.7	-0.011 (-0.021~-0.001)	0.023	-0.012 (-0.022~-0.003)	0.012	-0.008 (-0.017 ~ 0.001)	0.098	-0.006 (-0.015 ~ 0.004)	0.257
NR3C1-16 CpG 8	0.001 (-0.012 ~ 0.014)	0.904	-0.001 (-0.014 ~ 0.012)	0.835	-0.004 (-0.017 ~ 0.008)	0.515	-0.008 (-0.021 ~ 0.005)	0.226
NR3C1-16 CpG 9	0.019 (-0.019 ~ 0.056)	0.325	0.012 (-0.027 ~ 0.051)	0.547	0.016 (-0.020 ~ 0.051)	0.386	0.007 (-0.032 ~ 0.045)	0.742
NR3C1-16 CpG 10	0.012 (0.002 ~ 0.022)	0.014	0.010 (0.000 ~ 0.020)	0.046	0.015 (0.006 ~ 0.024)	0.001	0.011 (0.001 ~ 0.020)	0.030
NR3C1-16 CpG 11	0.006 (-0.005 ~ 0.016)	0.290	0.005 (-0.005 ~ 0.016)	0.310	0.004 (-0.005 ~ 0.014)	0.372	0.006 (-0.005 ~ 0.016)	0.272
NR3C1-16 CpG 12	0.036 (-0.022 ~ 0.093)	0.228	0.034 (-0.026 ~ 0.094)	0.272	0.022 (-0.033 ~ 0.077)	0.436	0.021 (-0.040 ~ 0.081)	0.501
NR3C1-16 CpG 13	0.002 (-0.055 ~ 0.059)	0.951	0.017 (-0.042 ~ 0.077)	0.567	-0.021 (-0.076 ~ 0.033)	0.445	-0.007 (-0.066 ~ 0.053)	0.829

Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; NA, not applicable or not available
Model 1: unadjusted models
Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, BMI, cortisol, living arrangement, classmate relations, and teacher-classmate relations
*: The P-values less than 0.05 were shown in bold type

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