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Table 4 Hazard ratios (HR) for death in participants with a diagnosis of phobic, ‘other’ or stress-related anxiety sub-types

From: The risk of all-cause mortality associated with anxiety: a retrospective cohort study using ‘The Health Improvement Network’ database

Model

Phobia HR (95% CI)

Other anxiety HR (95% CI)

Stress-related HR (95% CI)

Crude HR

1·05 (0·98 − 1·12)

1·15 (1·13 − 1·18)

0·96 (0·87 − 1·06)

Adjusted: model 1

1·06 (0·99 − 1·13)

1·22 (1·18 − 1·24)

0·98 (0·89 − 1·08)

Adjusted: model 2

1·04 (0·98 − 1·12)

1·21 (1·19 − 1·24)

0·97 (0·88 − 1·06)

Adjusted: model 3

1·02 (0·95 − 1·09)

1·17 (1·14 − 1·19)

0·92 (0·84 − 1·02)

Adjusted: model 4

1·00 (0·93 − 1·07)

1·09 (1·07 − 1·12)

0·89 (0·81 − 0·99)

Adjusted: model 5

0·98 (0·91 − 1·05)

1·07 (1·05 − 1·10)

0·89 (0·80 − 0·98)

  1. HR adjusted for:
  2. model 1: age and sex;
  3. model 2: age, sex, ethnicity and Townsend deprivation quintile; 
  4. model 3: age, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation quintile, alcohol and smoking use;
  5. model 4: age, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation quintile, alcohol and smoking use, comorbid depression and SMI;
  6. model 5: age, sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation quintile, alcohol and smoking use, comorbid depression and SMI, and CCI