Table 1 Demographic and neuropsychological test information

Sex (male, %)

359, 35.6%

206, 32.5%

51, 38.9%

2.70

0.259

Age

65.12 ± 6.99

66.14 ± 6.78*

71.99 ± 6.67**#

60.67

< 0.001

Education years

12.21 ± 3.25

11.03 ± 3.21**

10.77 ± 3.72**

30.40

< 0.001

ECOG

17.25 ± 5.93

19.30 ± 7.50**

27.58 ± 10.27**#

74.07

< 0.001

ADL

20.30 ± 2.27

20.53 ± 2.07

22.89 ± 4.36**#

23.25

< 0.001

FAQ

0.49 ± 1.76

1.07 ± 2.51**

4.88 ± 5.22**#

56.05

< 0.001

ACE III

81.34 ± 7.15

69.49 ± 8.24**

56.18 ± 7.18**#

974.60

< 0.001

MoCA-B

25.60 ± 2.70

21.07 ± 3.50**

14.86 ± 3.64**#

810.69

< 0.001

MMSE

27.96 ± 1.73

26.2 ± 2.21**

21.07 ± 2.08**#

727.26

< 0.001

DuCA-part 1

 Verbal Fluence

1.55 ± 0.53

1.09 ± 0.53**

0.6 ± 0.55**#

265.07

< 0.001

 Visual perception

2.56 ± 0.61

2.04 ± 0.8**

1.56 ± 0.92**#

152.33

< 0.001

 Delay recall

2.84 ± 1.38

1.24 ± 1.34**

0.08 ± 0.35**#

1352.98

< 0.001

Score of part 1

6.95 ± 1.70

4.37 ± 1.75**

2.24 ± 1.09**#

1084.25

< 0.001

 In male

6.88 ± 1.72

4.28 ± 1.69**

2.12 ± 1.26**#

350.14

< 0.001

 In female

6.99 ± 1.69

4.41 ± 1.776**

2.31 ± 0.96**#

763.95

< 0.001

 P value between sexes

0.297

0.361

0.319

DuCA part2

 Category switching test

7.66 ± 1.69

5.80 ± 1.85**

3.82 ± 1.58**#

453.66

< 0.001

 Picture memory

17.97 ± 2.83

14.62 ± 3.31**

7.95 ± 4.35**#

490.47

< 0.001

 Auditory sentence memory

2.87 ± 1.68

0.94 ± 1.13**

0.12 ± 0.48**#

833.73

< 0.001

DuCA-total score

26.46 ± 4.01

18.41 ± 3.90**

10.13 ± 2.92**#

1978.51

< 0.001

 In male

26.57 ± 4.23

18.15 ± 3.78**

9.77 ± 2.78**#

781.72

< 0.001

 In female

26.4 ± 3.88

18.53 ± 3.95**

10.41 ± 2.95**#

1198.29

< 0.001

 P value between sexes

0.538

0.251

0.216