Table 4 Participants mean mobile phone dependence score stratified by their demographic characteristics
Demographic variable | Overall (n = 5720) | p-value | Egypt (n = 2813) | Saudi Arabia (n = 1509) | Jordan (n = 766) | Lebanon (n = 432) | Bahrain (n = 200) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
Age categories (years) | |||||||||||||
18–29 years | 8.49 | 4.37 | 0.013* | 8.72 | 4.42 | 8.50 | 4.44 | 8.33 | 4.25 | 7.44 | 3.98 | 8.07 | 3.93 |
30–49 years | 8.11 | 5.02 | 6.60 | 3.76 | 8.71 | 5.27 | 7.70 | 4.89 | 7.15 | 4.99 | 8.00 | 3.92 | |
50 years and above | 8.25 | 4.81 | 6.17 | 6.24 | 7.97 | 5.31 | 13.00 | 5.89 | 8.89 | 2.47 | 8.16 | 3.53 | |
Gender | |||||||||||||
Males | 8.22 | 4.53 | 0.004** | 8.24 | 4.65 | 8.41 | 4.52 | 8.45 | 4.25 | 6.97 | 4.37 | 7.54 | 4.16 |
Females | 8.59 | 4.35 | 8.94 | 4.27 | 8.57 | 4.60 | 8.18 | 4.42 | 7.60 | 3.93 | 8.11 | 3.87 | |
Marital status | |||||||||||||
Single | 8.47 | 4.38 | 0.817 | 8.73 | 4.43 | 8.46 | 4.45 | 8.28 | 4.26 | 7.41 | 4.07 | 8.06 | 3.89 |
Married | 8.41 | 4.70 | 8.10 | 4.19 | 8.76 | 4.93 | 8.13 | 4.89 | 7.86 | 3.91 | 7.65 | 4.24 | |
Divorced | 8.17 | 4.89 | 6.50 | 4.04 | 8.46 | 5.15 | 8.76 | 4.53 | - | - | 4.33 | 5.13 | |
Widowed | 9.31 | 6.65 | 14.50 | 2.12 | 8.08 | 6.50 | 11.50 | 10.61 | - | - | - | - | |
Field of study | |||||||||||||
Medical college | 8.32 | 4.37 | 0.023* | 8.81 | 4.40 | 8.35 | 4.56 | 8.10 | 4.24 | 7.21 | 4.03 | 7.99 | 3.92 |
Non-medical college | 8.64 | 4.48 | 8.61 | 4.44 | 8.70 | 4.58 | 8.99 | 4.76 | 8.39 | 4.04 | 7.75 | 4.17 | |
Year level | |||||||||||||
First year | 8.24 | 4.16 | 0.255 | 8.06 | 4.34 | 8.84 | 4.48 | 8.23 | 3.96 | 7.73 | 3.71 | 7.91 | 3.69 |
Second year | 8.49 | 4.38 | 8.78 | 4.68 | 8.61 | 4.07 | 8.46 | 3.89 | 7.22 | 4.29 | 8.13 | 4.76 | |
Third year | 8.82 | 4.42 | 9.26 | 4.38 | 8.62 | 4.65 | 9.02 | 4.35 | 7.28 | 3.76 | 7.52 | 3.64 | |
Fourth year | 8.47 | 4.46 | 8.57 | 4.41 | 8.45 | 4.60 | 8.83 | 4.74 | 7.01 | 3.86 | 9.10 | 3.84 | |
Fifth year | 8.39 | 4.35 | 8.79 | 4.30 | 8.18 | 4.25 | 7.24 | 4.43 | 7.48 | 4.49 | 7.47 | 4.78 | |
Sixth year | 8.50 | 4.72 | 9.10 | 5.07 | 8.32 | 4.73 | 8.57 | 5.00 | 9.80 | 5.72 | 8.54 | 4.06 | |
Higher education | 8.28 | 4.71 | 8.16 | 4.41 | 8.77 | 5.23 | 7.77 | 5.03 | 7.83 | 4.24 | 7.58 | 3.81 | |
Income level | |||||||||||||
Less than 700$ | 8.51 | 4.40 | 0.299 | 8.73 | 4.41 | 8.48 | 4.49 | 8.30 | 4.34 | 7.45 | 4.17 | 8.01 | 3.86 |
700–1500$ | 8.34 | 4.23 | 8.32 | 4.47 | 8.80 | 4.29 | 8.23 | 4.36 | 7.55 | 3.63 | 8.03 | 3.90 | |
1500–2100$ | 8.02 | 4.66 | 5.17 | 4.09 | 8.63 | 5.07 | 8.22 | 4.12 | 6.57 | 3.15 | 7.27 | 4.23 | |
2100$ and above | 8.31 | 4.74 | 8.36 | 4.57 | 8.36 | 4.86 | 8.25 | 5.13 | 7.89 | 4.29 | 8.21 | 4.17 | |
In general, do you suffer from an anxiety problem or use a treatment for anxiety? | |||||||||||||
No | 7.94 | 4.28 | < 0.001*** | 8.19 | 4.35 | 8.10 | 4.31 | 7.69 | 4.20 | 6.45 | 3.73 | 6.98 | 3.43 |
Yes | 9.65 | 4.51 | 10.30 | 4.24 | 9.25 | 4.92 | 9.44 | 4.44 | 8.95 | 4.07 | 9.59 | 4.21 | |
Duration of mobile phone usage (years): | |||||||||||||
Less than one year | 7.29 | 4.95 | 0.035* | 7.34 | 5.27 | 8.13 | 5.94 | 7.00 | 2.78 | 7.00 | 5.66 | 4.75 | 4.99 |
1–5 years | 8.36 | 4.40 | 8.62 | 4.44 | 8.27 | 4.47 | 8.02 | 4.23 | 7.25 | 4.14 | 8.28 | 4.55 | |
6–10 years | 8.46 | 4.32 | 8.74 | 4.38 | 8.44 | 4.46 | 8.34 | 4.20 | 7.50 | 3.81 | 8.40 | 3.86 | |
10 years and above | 8.57 | 4.52 | 8.78 | 4.39 | 8.68 | 4.69 | 8.49 | 4.69 | 7.41 | 4.55 | 7.60 | 3.76 | |